json 在Python中使用Selenium抓取Google图片

7z5jn7bk  于 2023-02-06  发布在  Python
关注(0)|答案(2)|浏览(138)

现在，我一直在尝试刮谷歌图片使用以下代码：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys 
import os
import time
import requests
import re
import urllib2
import re
from threading import Thread
import json
#Assuming I have a folder named Pictures1, the images are downloaded there. 
def threaded_func(url,i):
     raw_img = urllib2.urlopen(url).read()
     cntr = len([i for i in os.listdir("Pictures1") if image_type in i]) + 1
     f = open("Pictures1/" + image_type + "_"+ str(total), 'wb')
     f.write(raw_img)
     f.close()
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get("https://images.google.com/")
elem = driver.find_element_by_xpath('/html/body/div/div[3]/div[3]/form/div[2]/div[2]/div[1]/div[1]/div[3]/div/div/div[2]/div/input[1]')
elem.clear()
elem.send_keys("parrot")
elem.send_keys(Keys.RETURN)
image_type = "parrot_defG"
images=[]
total=0
time.sleep(10)
for a in driver.find_elements_by_class_name('rg_meta'):
     link =json.loads(a.text)["ou"]
     thread = Thread(target = threaded_func, args = (link,total))
     thread.start()
     thread.join()
     total+=1

我试着用Selenium打开谷歌的图片结果页面，然后注意到每个div都有类“rg-meta”，后面跟着JSON代码。
我尝试使用.text访问它。JSON的“ou”索引包含我尝试下载的图像的源代码。我尝试使用类“rg-meta”获取所有此类div并下载图像。但它显示错误**”NO JSON OBJECT CAN BE DECODED”**，我不知道该怎么做。
编辑：这就是我要说的：

<div class="rg_meta">{"cl":3,"id":"FqCGaup9noXlMM:","isu":"kids.britannica.com","itg":false,"ity":"jpg","oh":600,"ou":"http://media.web.britannica.com/eb-media/89/89689-004-4C85E0F0.jpg","ow":380,"pt":"grain weevil -- Kids Encyclopedia | Children\u0026#39;s Homework Help ...","rid":"EusB0pk_sLg7vM","ru":"http://kids.britannica.com/comptons/art-143712/grain-or-granary-weevil","s":"grain weevil","sc":1,"st":"Kids Britannica","th":282,"tu":"https://encrypted-tbn2.gstatic.com/images?q\u003dtbn:ANd9GcQPbgXbRVzOicvPfBRtAkLOpJwy_wDQEC6a2q0BuTsUx-s0-h4b","tw":179}</div>

检查JSON的ou索引，请帮我提取。
原谅我的无知。
这就是我如何通过以下更新来解决这个问题：

for a in driver.find_elements_by_xpath('//div[@class="rg_meta"]'):
        atext = a.get_attribute('innerHTML')
        link =json.loads(atext)["ou"]
        print link
        thread = Thread(target = threaded_func, args = (link,total))
        thread.start()
        thread.join()
        total+=1
JSON

2条答案

按热度按时间
qni6mghb

qni6mghb1#

替换：
driver.find_elements_by_class_name('rg_meta')与driver.find_element_by_xpath('//div[@class="rg_meta"]/text()')
以及a.text与a的关系
就能解决你的问题。
生成的代码：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys 
import os
import time
import requests
import re
import urllib2
import re
from threading import Thread
import json
#Assuming I have a folder named Pictures1, the images are downloaded there. 
def threaded_func(url,i):
     raw_img = urllib2.urlopen(url).read()
     cntr = len([i for i in os.listdir("Pictures1") if image_type in i]) + 1
     f = open("Pictures1/" + image_type + "_"+ str(total), 'wb')
     f.write(raw_img)
     f.close()
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get("https://images.google.com/")
elem = driver.find_element_by_xpath('/html/body/div/div[3]/div[3]/form/div[2]/div[2]/div[1]/div[1]/div[3]/div/div/div[2]/div/input[1]')
elem.clear()
elem.send_keys("parrot")
elem.send_keys(Keys.RETURN)
image_type = "parrot_defG"
images=[]
total=0
time.sleep(10)
for a in driver.find_element_by_xpath('//div[@class="rg_meta"]/text()'):
     link =json.loads(a)["ou"]
     thread = Thread(target = threaded_func, args = (link,total))
     thread.start()
     thread.join()
     total+=1

打印link会导致：

http://media.web.britannica.com/eb-media/89/89689-004-4C85E0F0.jpg
赞(0）分享  回复(0）举报  2023-02-06
lvjbypge

lvjbypge2#

由于使用selenium进行解析非常耗时，您可以使用BeautifulSoup web抓取库来实现相同的结果。
我将向您展示如何从内联JSON解析图像（包括全分辨率的图像），这样会快得多。
由于页面是动态呈现的，我们还需要使用regular expressions从内联JSON中提取数据。
首先，我们可以在页面源代码（Ctrl+U）中查找第一张图片的标题，以找到我们需要的匹配项，如果它们在<script>元素中，那么很可能是内联JSON，从那里我们可以提取数据。
接下来，我们通过选择包含所需数据的代码部分来缩小搜索范围：

# https://regex101.com/r/RPIbXK/1
matched_images_data = "".join(re.findall(r"AF_initDataCallback\(([^<]+)\);", str(all_script_tags)))
    
matched_images_data_fix = json.dumps(matched_images_data)
matched_images_data_json = json.loads(matched_images_data_fix)
      
# https://regex101.com/r/NRKEmV/1
matched_google_image_data = re.findall(r'\"b-GRID_STATE0\"(.*)sideChannel:\s?{}}', matched_images_data_json)

之后，我们已经找到缩略图和直接原始图像：

# https://regex101.com/r/SxwJsW/1
matched_google_images_thumbnails = ", ".join(
    re.findall(r'\[\"(https\:\/\/encrypted-tbn0\.gstatic\.com\/images\?.*?)\",\d+,\d+\]',
                       str(matched_google_image_data))).split(", ")
    
thumbnails = [bytes(bytes(thumbnail, "ascii").decode("unicode-escape"), "ascii").decode("unicode-escape") for thumbnail in matched_google_images_thumbnails]
    
# removing previously matched thumbnails for easier full resolution image matches.
removed_matched_google_images_thumbnails = re.sub(
        r'\[\"(https\:\/\/encrypted-tbn0\.gstatic\.com\/images\?.*?)\",\d+,\d+\]', "", str(matched_google_image_data))
    
# https://regex101.com/r/fXjfb1/4
# https://stackoverflow.com/a/19821774/15164646
matched_google_full_resolution_images = re.findall(r"(?:'|,),\[\"(https:|http.*?)\",\d+,\d+\]", removed_matched_google_images_thumbnails)

在联机IDE中检查完整代码。

import requests, re, json, lxml
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

headers = {
    "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/107.0.0.0 Safari/537.36"
}

google_images = []

params = {    
    "q": "cat",                # search query
    "tbm": "isch",             # image results
    "hl": "en",                # language of the search
    "gl": "us"                 # country where search comes from
}
    
html = requests.get("https://www.google.co.in/search", params=params, headers=headers, timeout=30)
soup = BeautifulSoup(html.text, "lxml")
    
all_script_tags = soup.select("script")
    
# https://regex101.com/r/RPIbXK/1
matched_images_data = "".join(re.findall(r"AF_initDataCallback\(([^<]+)\);", str(all_script_tags)))
    
matched_images_data_fix = json.dumps(matched_images_data)
matched_images_data_json = json.loads(matched_images_data_fix)
      
# https://regex101.com/r/NRKEmV/1
matched_google_image_data = re.findall(r'\"b-GRID_STATE0\"(.*)sideChannel:\s?{}}', matched_images_data_json)
    
# https://regex101.com/r/SxwJsW/1
matched_google_images_thumbnails = ", ".join(
    re.findall(r'\[\"(https\:\/\/encrypted-tbn0\.gstatic\.com\/images\?.*?)\",\d+,\d+\]',
                       str(matched_google_image_data))).split(", ")
    
thumbnails = [bytes(bytes(thumbnail, "ascii").decode("unicode-escape"), "ascii").decode("unicode-escape") for thumbnail in matched_google_images_thumbnails]
    
# removing previously matched thumbnails for easier full resolution image matches.
removed_matched_google_images_thumbnails = re.sub(
        r'\[\"(https\:\/\/encrypted-tbn0\.gstatic\.com\/images\?.*?)\",\d+,\d+\]', "", str(matched_google_image_data))
    
# https://regex101.com/r/fXjfb1/4
# https://stackoverflow.com/a/19821774/15164646
matched_google_full_resolution_images = re.findall(r"(?:'|,),\[\"(https:|http.*?)\",\d+,\d+\]", removed_matched_google_images_thumbnails)
    
full_res_images = [
        bytes(bytes(img, "ascii").decode("unicode-escape"), "ascii").decode("unicode-escape") for img in matched_google_full_resolution_images
]
        
for index, (metadata, thumbnail, original) in enumerate(zip(soup.select('.isv-r.PNCib.MSM1fd.BUooTd'), thumbnails, full_res_images), start=1):
    google_images.append({
        "title": metadata.select_one(".VFACy.kGQAp.sMi44c.lNHeqe.WGvvNb")["title"],
        "link": metadata.select_one(".VFACy.kGQAp.sMi44c.lNHeqe.WGvvNb")["href"],
        "source": metadata.select_one(".fxgdke").text,
        "thumbnail": thumbnail,
        "original": original
    })

print(json.dumps(google_images, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False))

输出示例

[
  
  {
    "title": "Domestic cat",
    "link": "https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/facts/domestic-cat",
    "source": "National Geographic",
    "thumbnail": "https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRM50JpAefCcT9Alyo8H_v5iqsBbNB6A5CXD8Jgggs3UePzvzA9onL7ULKxBJ4JZxeWsSc&usqp=CAU",
    "original": "https://i.natgeofe.com/n/548467d8-c5f1-4551-9f58-6817a8d2c45e/NationalGeographic_2572187_square.jpg"
  },
  {
    "title": "cat - Wiktionary",
    "link": "https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cat",
    "source": "Wiktionary",
    "thumbnail": "https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSKr5wT7rfkjkGvNeqgXjBmarC5ZNoZs-H2uMpML8O7Q4F9W-IlUQibBT6IPqyvX45NOgw&usqp=CAU",
    "original": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Cat03.jpg/1200px-Cat03.jpg"
  },
  other results ...
]

你也可以使用SerpApi的Google Images API，这是一个免费的付费API，不同的是它会绕过Google的屏蔽（包括CAPTCHA），不需要创建解析器和维护它。
集成示例：

from serpapi import GoogleSearch
import os, json

image_results = []
   
# search query parameters
params = {
    "engine": "google",               # search engine. Google, Bing, Yahoo, Naver, Baidu...
    "q": "cat",                       # search query
    "tbm": "isch",                    # image results
    "num": "100",                     # number of images per page
    "ijn": 0,                         # page number: 0 -> first page, 1 -> second...
    "api_key": "..."                  # serpapi key, https://serpapi.com/manage-api-key
                                      # other query parameters: hl (lang), gl (country), etc  
}
    
search = GoogleSearch(params)         # where data extraction happens
    
images_is_present = True
while images_is_present:
    results = search.get_dict()       # JSON -> Python dictionary
    
# checks for "Google hasn't returned any results for this query."
    if "error" not in results:
        for image in results["images_results"]:
            if image["original"] not in image_results:
                    image_results.append(image["original"])
                
# update to the next page
        params["ijn"] += 1
    else:
        images_is_present = False
        print(results["error"])

print(json.dumps(image_results, indent=2))

输出：

[
  "https://i.ytimg.com/vi/eX2qFMC8cFo/maxresdefault.jpg",
  "https://www.thesprucepets.com/thmb/QMJh_AV-7ThLXG3QFYkn7KXe8dQ=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/facts-about-tuxedo-cats-554704-hero-6fcf332fd5ee4d93aecc4bcd3657396c.jpg",
  "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/82/Sylvester_the_Cat.svg/800px-Sylvester_the_Cat.svg.png",
  "https://www.purina.co.uk/sites/default/files/styles/square_medium_440x440/public/2022-06/Bengal.02.jpg?h=16d99826&itok=-mU4KnIM",
  "https://www.thesprucepets.com/thmb/5mrNYjDpNn0GnXD_crwBDGIijcs=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/persian-cats-gallery-4121944-hero-f5c237b8c6404655afb1e1bbae219ba5.jpg",
  "https://i.ytimg.com/vi/CPISexQPvQw/maxresdefault.jpg",
  "https://www.purina.co.uk/sites/default/files/2020-12/Cat%20Pregnancy%20Information%20%26%20AdviceTEASER.jpg",
  "https://www.thesprucepets.com/thmb/Re5vfPPvJhcRfTP22om9ivmFhJM=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/cat-meowing-57b738885f9b58cdfda9a497.jpg",
  other results ...
]

如果你需要更多的代码解释，有一篇Scrape and download Google Images with Python的博客文章。

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