使用此示例数据框：

> dput(coun2b)
structure(list(Camden = c(13.9933481152993, 17.5410199556541, 
26.0055432372506, 19.1064301552106, 9.05764966740577, 17.5321507760532
), Guilford = c(24.674715261959, 27.5097949886105, 25.4646924829157, 
22.2637813211845, 7.60227790432802, 17.9681093394077), years = 2012:2017, 
    Camden_ymin = c(12.4514939737261, 15.4927722105436, 22.5744436662436, 
    16.8415649174844, 7.45264839077184, 15.6645677387521), Guilford_ymin = c(23.2136204848819, 
    26.3627764588421, 23.8076842636931, 20.383805927254, 5.58799564906578, 
    16.2548749333076), Camden_ymax = c(15.5352022568726, 19.5892677007646, 
    29.4366428082575, 21.3712953929369, 10.6626509440397, 19.3997338133543
    ), Guilford_ymax = c(26.1358100390361, 28.6568135183788, 
    27.1217007021384, 24.143756715115, 9.61656015959026, 19.6813437455079
    )), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, -6L))

看起来像这样

coun2b
    Camden  Guilford Camden_ymin Guilford_ymin Camden_ymax Guilford_ymax
1 13.99335 24.674715   12.451494     23.213620    15.53520      26.13581
2 17.54102 27.509795   15.492772     26.362776    19.58927      28.65681
3 26.00554 25.464692   22.574444     23.807684    29.43664      27.12170
4 19.10643 22.263781   16.841565     20.383806    21.37130      24.14376
5  9.05765  7.602278    7.452648      5.587996    10.66265       9.61656
6 17.53215 17.968109   15.664568     16.254875    19.39973      19.68134

我用这个 Dataframe 来表示

library(tidyverse)

ggplot(coun2b, aes(x=years, Guilford, group=years)) + 
  labs(title = "Counts in Guilford, N.C.", 
       #caption="P. infestans range: 18 - 22 C; P. nicotianae range: 25 - 35 C; \"a\" Year with\nmost N.C. P. infestans reports (n=16); \"aa\" Year with most N.C. P. nicotianae reports (n=23)",
       y="Number of Days", x="Year" ) + geom_col( position = "dodge") +
  geom_errorbar(aes(ymin=Guilford_ymin, ymax=Guilford_ymax), position="dodge") + 
  theme(axis.text.x = element_text(face="bold"), axis.title.x = element_text(size=14), 
        axis.text.y = element_text(face="bold"), axis.title.y = element_text(size=14), 
        title = element_text(size=12)) +
  scale_x_continuous("Year", labels = plotscalex, breaks=plotscalex) +
  geom_hline(aes(yintercept = mean(Guilford[years %in% 2012:2016]),
                 linetype='Mean for 2012-2016')) +
  scale_linetype_manual(name="Legend", values=c("Mean for 2012-2016"=1) )

我创建了这个条形图：

然而，我的完整数据集实际上更大，形状不同，作为长版本。这是一个长版本的示例：

> dput(samp1)
structure(list(years = c(2012L, 2012L, 2012L, 2013L, 2013L, 2013L, 
2014L, 2014L, 2014L, 2012L, 2012L, 2012L, 2013L, 2013L, 2013L, 
2014L, 2014L, 2014L), valu = c("mean", "ymin", "ymax", "mean", 
"ymin", "ymax", "mean", "ymin", "ymax", "mean", "ymin", "ymax", 
"mean", "ymin", "ymax", "mean", "ymin", "ymax"), name = c("Camden", 
"Camden", "Camden", "Camden", "Camden", "Camden", "Camden", "Camden", 
"Camden", "Guilford", "Guilford", "Guilford", "Guilford", "Guilford", 
"Guilford", "Guilford", "Guilford", "Guilford"), value = c(13.9933481152993, 
12.4514939737261, 15.5352022568726, 17.5410199556541, 15.4927722105436, 
19.5892677007646, 26.0055432372506, 22.5744436662436, 29.4366428082575, 
24.674715261959, 23.2136204848819, 26.1358100390361, 27.5097949886105, 
26.3627764588421, 28.6568135183788, 25.4646924829157, 23.8076842636931, 
27.1217007021384), county = structure(c(1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 
1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L), levels = c("Camden", 
"Guilford", "Pasquotank", "Wake"), class = "factor")), row.names = c(NA, 
-18L), class = c("tbl_df", "tbl", "data.frame"))

我尝试使用：

samp1 %>% filter(county == "Camden") %>% 
    ggplot( aes(x=years, y=value, group=years)) + 
    labs(title = "Number of Days in April-August with Suitable Weather for\nLate Blight Sporulation in Camden, N.C.", y="Number of Days", x="Year" ) + 
    geom_col(data=samp1 %>% filter(county=="Camden", valu=="mean"), aes(x=years, 
                                                                         y=value), position = "dodge") +
    geom_errorbar(data=samp1 %>% filter(county=="Camden"), 
                  aes(ymin=samp1 %>% filter(valu=="ymin"), ymax=samp1 %>% filter(valu=="ymax"), position="dodge")) + 
    theme(axis.text.x = element_text(face="bold"), axis.title.x = element_text(size=14), 
          axis.text.y = element_text(face="bold"), axis.title.y = element_text(size=14), 
          title = element_text(size=12)) +
    scale_x_continuous("Year", labels = plotscalex, breaks=plotscalex) +
    geom_hline(aes(yintercept = mean(Camden[years %in% 2012:2016]),
                   linetype='Mean for 2012-2016'))+
    scale_linetype_manual(name="Legend", values=c("Mean for 2012-2016"=1) )

尝试使用长格式的数据创建与上面相同的图。我收到以下错误消息：

Error in `geom_errorbar()`:
! Problem while computing aesthetics.
ℹ Error occurred in the 2nd layer.
Caused by error in `check_aesthetics()`:
! Aesthetics must be either length 1 or the same as the data (9)
✖ Fix the following mappings: `ymin` and `ymax`
Run `rlang::last_error()` to see where the error occurred.
Warning message:
In geom_errorbar(data = samp1 %>% filter(county == "Camden"), aes(ymin = samp1 %>%  :
  Ignoring unknown aesthetics: position

由于此 Dataframe 是长格式的，因此在使用geom_errorbar()之前，我使用了filter 2x。我不认为这是问题所在，我只是不知道如何正确地使用filter来表示ymin和ymax。我尝试了geom_errorbar(data=samp1 %>% filter(county=="Camden"), aes(ymin=samp1 %>% filter(county=="Camden", valu=="ymin"), ymax=samp1 %>% filter(county=="Camden",valu=="ymax"), position="dodge"))以及上面代码块中的内容，但无法使其工作。如何使用长格式数据samp1，创建一个与数据较宽时创建的图相同的图？我使用长格式，因为我必须为多个县做一个并排的条形图，而在这篇文章中，我只使用一个县。