这可能不是最优雅的回答，但似乎很有效。接下来几天我不会接受这个回答，以防有人发布更好的回答：

# this gets me the location (index start & end) of each occurrence of my regex pattern 
delims = list(re.finditer(pattern, text))

# now let's iterate through each pair of delimiter and next-delimiter locations
q_a_list = []

for delim, next_delim in zip(delims[:-1], delims[1:]):

    # pull "Q" or "A" out of the current delimiter
    prefix = text[delim.span()[0]:delim.span()[1]].strip()

    # The actual question or answer text spans from the end of this 
    # delimiter to the start of the next delimiter
    text_chunk = text[delim.span()[1]:next_delim.span()[0]]

    q_a_list.append(f"{prefix}: {text_chunk}")

# q_a_list is missing the final prefix and text_chunk, because
# they have no next_delim, so the zip() above doesn't get to it
final_delim = delims[-1]

final_prefix = text[final_delim.span()[0]: final_delim.span()[1]].strip()
final_text_chunk = text[final_delim.span()[1]:]

q_a_list.append(f"{final_prefix}: {final_text_chunk}")

现在的结果是：

>>> print(q_a_list)
['Q: So I do first want to bring up exhibit No. 46, which is in the binder \nin front of\nyou.\n\nAnd that is a letter [to] Alston\n& Bird...\n\n\nIs that correct?\n', 
'A: This is correct.\n', 
'Q: Okay.']

我不确定我是否完全理解了这个问题，但我希望这可能会有所帮助：
试试看，

questions = []
answers = []
for item in text.split('\n\n'):
    questions.append(item) if item.startswith('Q ' or 'Q_') else answers.append(item)

print(f'questions: {questions}')
print(f'answers: {answers}')

输出：

questions: ['Q So I do first want to bring up exhibit No. 46, which is in the binder \nin front of\nyou.', 'Q Okay.']
answers: ['\na', 'And that is a letter [to] Alston\n& Bird...', '\nIs that correct?', 'A This is correct.']