一个简单的选项（在SQL*Plus中运行）是

SQL> set ver off
SQL> begin
  2    for i in 1 .. 10 loop
  3      dbms_output.put_line(&&par_number|| ' x ' || i ||' = '|| &&par_number * i);
  4    end loop;
  5  end;
  6  /
Enter value for par_number: 2
2 x 1 = 2
2 x 2 = 4
2 x 3 = 6
2 x 4 = 8
2 x 5 = 10
2 x 6 = 12
2 x 7 = 14
2 x 8 = 16
2 x 9 = 18
2 x 10 = 20

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL>

正如Koen所说，根据客户端的不同，可能需要将替代变量（&&par_number）修改为绑定变量（:par_number），或者将其输入到页面项中，或者输入到其他选项中。
你提供的信息越多，你得到的答案就越好。

您可以只使用sql创建完整的乘法表，然后选择您想要的任何内容，而不使用PL/SQL ...
下面是代码：（全部在SQL Developer中运行）

WITH
    nums AS
        (
            Select LEVEL "N" From Dual Connect By LEVEL <= 10
        ),
    tbl AS
        (
            Select  COL_N * N1 "N1", COL_N * N2 "N2",  COL_N * N3 "N3", COL_N * N4 "N4", COL_N * N5 "N5", 
                    COL_N * N6 "N6", COL_N * N7 "N7", COL_N * N8 "N8", COL_N * N9 "N9", COL_N * N10 "N10"
            From    (   SELECT  n2.N "COL_N",n1. N "N", n1.N "ROW_N"
                        FROM    nums n1
                        INNER JOIN nums n2 ON(1 = 1)
                    )
                        PIVOT ( MAX(N) FOR ROW_N IN(1 "N1", 2 "N2", 3 "N3", 4 "N4", 5 "N5", 6 "N6", 7 "N7", 8 "N8", 9 "N9", 10 "N10")   )
            Order By COL_N
        )

...内容是

SELECT N1 "1", N2 "2", N3 "3", N4 "4", N5 "5", N6 "6", N7 "7", N8 "8", N9 "9", N10 "10" FROM tbl

         1          2          3          4          5          6          7          8          9         10
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
         1          2          3          4          5          6          7          8          9         10 
         2          4          6          8         10         12         14         16         18         20 
         3          6          9         12         15         18         21         24         27         30 
         4          8         12         16         20         24         28         32         36         40 
         5         10         15         20         25         30         35         40         45         50 
         6         12         18         24         30         36         42         48         54         60 
         7         14         21         28         35         42         49         56         63         70 
         8         16         24         32         40         48         56         64         72         80 
         9         18         27         36         45         54         63         72         81         90 
        10         20         30         40         50         60         70         80         90        100

...并选择传递给以下对象的变量：

SELECT  LPAD(N1, 2, ' ') || '  x ' || LPAD(&&M_NUM, 2, ' ') || ' = ' || LPAD(N1 * &&M_NUM, 3, ' ')  "RESULTS" 
FROM tbl        

-- with &&M_NUM = 6 results:
RESULTS      
--------------
 1  x  6 =   6 
 2  x  6 =  12 
 3  x  6 =  18 
 4  x  6 =  24 
 5  x  6 =  30 
 6  x  6 =  36 
 7  x  6 =  42 
 8  x  6 =  48 
 9  x  6 =  54 
10  x  6 =  60

...或者您可以在一行中获得结果（还是6）

SELECT * FROM tbl WHERE N1 = &&M_NUM

        N1         N2         N3         N4         N5         N6         N7         N8         N9        N10
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
         6         12         18         24         30         36         42         48         54         60

......或按列......

SELECT  N1, &&M_NUM "MULTIPLYED _BY", 
        CASE &&M_NUM  WHEN 2 THEN N2
                      WHEN 3 THEN N3
                      WHEN 4 THEN N4
                      WHEN 5 THEN N5
                      WHEN 6 THEN N6
                      WHEN 7 THEN N7
                      WHEN 8 THEN N8
                      WHEN 9 THEN N9
                      WHEN 10 THEN N10
          END "RESULT"
FROM tbl 

        N1 MULTIPLYED _BY     RESULT
---------- -------------- ----------
         1              6          6 
         2              6         12 
         3              6         18 
         4              6         24 
         5              6         30 
         6              6         36 
         7              6         42 
         8              6         48 
         9              6         54 
        10              6         60

......或者任何你喜欢的东西......