一种方法是使用split()。

myList = ["first", "second", "the third"]

somestring = "test the third" 

n=[x.split() for x in myList]
#[['first'], ['second'], ['the', 'third']]

您可以通过以下方式展平此对象：

m=[item for sublist in n for item in sublist]
#['first', 'second', 'the', 'third']

类似地，您可以split() somestring

s=somestring.split()
#['test', 'the', 'third']

最后：

for x in s:
  if x not in m:
    print(x)
#test

也可以在一行中得到结果;但可读性不是很强：

[x for x in somestring.split() if x not in (item for sublist in (x.split() for x in myList) for item in sublist)]
#['test']

使用myLst作为正则表达式替换的模式列表：

import re

myList = ["first", "second", "the third"]
somestring = "test the third"
res = re.sub(fr'({"|".join(myList)})', '', somestring).strip()
print(res)

test