使用最后一个推送的标记，您可以自动递增版本号：

git describe --tags --abbrev=0 | awk -F. '{OFS="."; $NF+=1; print $0}'

请记住，您将其存储在变量中，并将其用于tag和push：

VERSION=`git describe --tags --abbrev=0 | awk -F. '{OFS="."; $NF+=1; print $0}'`
git tag -a $VERSION -m "new release"
git push origin $VERSION

解释：

git describe-显示提交中可访问的最近标记
--tags-允许匹配轻量（无注解）标记。
--abbrev=0-将抑制长格式，仅显示最近的标记。
awk -F.-使用.“”作为分隔符的处理模式

• *'{OFS=".";$NF+=1;打印$0}'**-仅递增最后一个数字并与“”联接。

makefile：

.PHONY: git

git:
    $(eval VERSION=$(shell git describe --tags --abbrev=0 | awk -F. '{OFS="."; $$NF+=1; print $0}'))
    git add .
    git commit -m "$m"
    git push origin master
    git tag -a $(VERSION) -m "new release"
    git push origin $(VERSION)

根据KevinSandow的回答，在下面找到一个更详细的shell脚本
最新版本：https://gist.github.com/acucchieri/69bc649abde55315fe74bb68be82e0c8

#!/bin/bash

# The bump is performed only on the "main" or "master" branch unless a branch is specified with the -b argument
# Example :
#    bump-version -b staging

# Check that HEAD is not detached
DETACHED=`git branch --show-current | wc -l`
if [ $DETACHED -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "HEAD is detached. Please fix it before."
    exit 1
fi

BUILD_BRANCH=''

# Check if a branch was passed as an argument
while getopts "b:" option
do
    case $option in
        b)
            BUILD_BRANCH=$OPTARG
            ;;
    esac
done

# Determines the build branch ("main" or "master") if no branch was passed as an argument
if [ -z "$BUILD_BRANCH" ]; then
    if [ `git rev-parse --verify main 2>/dev/null` ]
    then
        BUILD_BRANCH='main'
    else
        if [ `git rev-parse --verify master 2>/dev/null` ]
        then
            BUILD_BRANCH='master'
        else
            echo "Unable to find \"main\" or \"master\" branch. Please use -b arg"
            exit 1
        fi
    fi
fi

# Check that local is not behind origin
git fetch 2>/dev/null
if [ "$(git rev-list --count HEAD..$BUILD_BRANCH)" -gt 0 ]; then
    echo "Local is behind Origin. Please run git pull first."
    exit 1
fi

# Guess the next tag
if [[ "$(git tag --merged $BUILD_BRANCH)" ]]; then
    # increment the last tag
    NEXT_TAG=`git describe --tags --abbrev=0 | awk -F. '{OFS="."; $NF+=1; print $0}'`
else
    # there is no tag yet
    NEXT_TAG='0.1.0'
fi

# Ask for next tag
SEMVER_REGEX="^[vV]?(0|[1-9][0-9]*)\\.(0|[1-9][0-9]*)\\.(0|[1-9][0-9]*)(\\-[0-9A-Za-z-]+(\\.[0-9A-Za-z-]+)*)?(\\+[0-9A-Za-z-]+(\\.[0-9A-Za-z-]+)*)?$"
SEMVER_VALID=false
while [[ $SEMVER_VALID == false ]]
do
    read -p "Next tag [$NEXT_TAG]: " TAG
    # empty answer
    if [ -z "$TAG" ]; then
        # set guessed tag
        TAG=$NEXT_TAG
    fi
    # semver validation
    if [[ "$TAG" =~ $SEMVER_REGEX ]]; then
        SEMVER_VALID=true
    else
        echo 'Tag must match the semver scheme X.Y.Z[-PRERELEASE][+BUILD]. See https://semver.org/'
    fi
done

# Release message
if [[ $TAG =~ ^[v] ]]; then
    # remove "v" letter
    MESSAGE="release ${TAG:1:${#TAG}-1}"
else
    MESSAGE="release $TAG"
fi

# Checks if a commit is needed
if [ -n "$(git status --porcelain)" ]; then
    git add -A .
    git commit -am "bump version"
fi

git tag -a "$TAG" -m "$MESSAGE"

# Ask to push new release
read -p "Push new release (Y/n)? [Y]:" -r
REPLY=${REPLY:-Y}
if [[ $REPLY =~ ^[YyOo]$  ]]; then
  git push origin $BUILD_BRANCH --follow-tags
fi

exit 0