找到了!另一篇文章的原始推荐忘记了一个函数..."Path"进程列表中的item. path作为字符串返回。这需要转换为Path对象，以便与您自己的路径对象进行比较。
因此这一行：

if fpath == item.path:

应为：

if fpath == Path(item.path):

下面是完整的代码：

import psutil
from pathlib import Path

def has_handle(fpath):
    for proc in psutil.process_iter():
        try:
            for item in proc.open_files():
                print (item.path)
                if fpath == Path(item.path):
                    return True
        except Exception:
            pass

    return False

thePath = Path("C:\\Users\\someUser\\Downloads\\Book1.xlsx")    
fileExists = has_handle(thePath)

if fileExists :
    print("This file is in use!")
else :
    print("This file is not in use")

• • 注意：**使用Path对象而不是字符串的原因是为了保持操作系统独立性。

基于@Frankie的回答，我编写了这个脚本。上面的脚本每个文件花费了16.1秒，因为proc.open_files()相当慢。
下面的脚本检查目录中的所有文件，并返回与每个打开的文件相关的pid。17个文件仅花费了2.9s进行检查。这是因为proc.open如果文件的默认应用程序在内存中打开，则仅调用www.example.com _files（）。
由于这是用来检查文件夹是否可以移动，该pid可以在以后用来强制**关闭锁定应用程序，但请注意，该应用程序可能会打开其他文档，所有数据都将丢失。
这不会检测打开的txt文件，或者可能不会检测没有默认应用程序的文件

from pathlib import Path
import psutil
import os
import shlex
import winreg
from pprint import pprint as pp
from collections import defaultdict

class CheckFiles():
    def check_locked_files(self, path: str):
        '''Check all files recursivly in a directory and return a dict with the
           locked files associated with each pid (proocess id) 

        Args:
            path (str): root directory

        Returns:
            dict: dict(pid:[filenames])
        '''
        fnames = []
        apps = set()
        for root, _, f_names in os.walk(path):
            for f in f_names:
                f = Path(os.path.join(root, f))
                if self.is_file_in_use(f):
                    default_app = Path(self.get_default_windows_app(f.suffix)).name
                    apps.add(default_app)
                    fnames.append(str(f))
        if apps:
            return self.find_process(fnames, apps)

    def find_process(self, fnames: list[str], apps: set[str]):
        '''find processes for each locked files

        Args:
            fnames (list[str]): list of filepaths
            apps (set[str]): set of default apps

        Returns:
            dict: dict(pid:[filenames])
        '''
        open_files = defaultdict(list)
        for p in psutil.process_iter(['name']):
            name = p.info['name']
            if name in apps:
                try:
                    [open_files[p.pid].append(x.path) for x in p.open_files() if x.path in fnames]
                except:
                    continue
        return dict(open_files)
        

    def is_file_in_use(self, file_path: str):
        '''Check if file is in use by trying to rename it to its own name (nothing changes) but if
           locked then this will fail

        Args:
            file_path (str): _description_

        Returns:
            bool: True is file is locked by a process
        '''
        path = Path(file_path)
        
        if not path.exists():
            raise FileNotFoundError
        try:
            path.rename(path)
        except PermissionError:
            return True
        else:
            return False
    
    def get_default_windows_app(self, suffix: str):
        '''Find the default app dedicated to a file extension (suffix)

        Args:
            suffix (str): ie ".jpg"

        Returns:
            None|str: default app exe
        '''
        try:
            class_root = winreg.QueryValue(winreg.HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT, suffix)
            with winreg.OpenKey(winreg.HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT, r'{}\shell\open\command'.format(class_root)) as key:
                command = winreg.QueryValueEx(key, '')[0]
                return shlex.split(command)[0]
        except:
            return None
        

old_dir = r"C:\path_to_dir"

c = CheckFiles()
r = c.check_locked_files(old_dir)
pp(r)