Here are the steps I took to remove an orphaned capture instance in CDC:

DROP FUNCTION [cdc].[fn_cdc_get_net_changes_dbo_(tablename)]
DROP FUNCTION [cdc].[fn_cdc_get_all_changes_dbo_(tablename)]

Then run the following:

declare @objid int
set @objid = (select object_id from cdc.change_tables where capture_instance = 'your orphaned capture instance')

delete from cdc.index_columns where object_id = @objid
delete from cdc.captured_columns where object_id = @objid
delete from cdc.change_tables where object_id = @objid

At that point you should be able to re-create your capture instance via sp_cdc_enable_table as normal.

Well I figured out a way. I removed all the records related to that table from all CDC system tables and tried recreating the capture instance with same name. It worked!

I had to execute one more step in addition to the REPLY by pdanke:

DROP TABLE cdc.<capture_insance>_CT

My cdc orphan may have come about when I restored a database where change data capture had been enabled. In my case,

EXECUTE sys.sp_cdc_help_change_data_capture

resulted in one entry where source_schema and source_table were both NULL .

It's Simple

Just use the following Script

EXEC sys.sp_cdc_disable_table 'schema_name','Source_Table_Name','CDC_Table_Name'