我正在Oracle Linux 9上配置一个新的Apache Web服务器（根据Oracle，与RedHat/CentOS相当）。httpd的版本为2.4.51，php的版本为8.0.13。但是，服务无法启动，并出现以下错误（journalctl -xeu：

httpd.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.

我查了一下，很多类似的错误都出现在配置文件中。但是apachectl configtest返回了Syntax OK，x1m7 n1给予没有输出。
所以我尝试注解掉http.conf中的一些配置，在注解掉mod-security相关行后，它抛出了新的错误消息：

httpd.service: Failed with result 'protocol'.

无法从journalctl检索到其他有用的错误消息。
注解掉php相关的行也没有帮助，另外，我发现要安装mod_security2我还有几个其他的“模块”要安装，但是我从aap流下载了这个mod_security2，为了确保问题不是来自这个模块，我安装了它的文档中所需的模块（除了libapr和libapr-util because error occurs on building, the rpmbuild cannot find doxygen '，尽管我安装了它）。
-----更新----
error_log：

[core:notice] [pid 4944:tid 4944] SELinux policy enabled; httpd running as context system_u:system_r:httpd_t:s0
[suexec:notice] - - AH01232: suEXEC mechanism enabled (wrapper: /usr/sbin/suexec)AH00016: Configuration Failed
[core:notice] [pid 4963:tid 4963] SELinux policy enabled; httpd running as context unconfined_u:unconfined_r:unconfined_t:s0-s0:c0.c1023
[suexec:notice] - - AH01232: suEXEC mechanism enabled (wrapper: /usr/sbin/suexec)
[-:error] - - SecServerSignature: original signature too short. Please set ServerTokens to Full.
[-:notice] - - ModSecurity for Apache/2.9.3 (http://www.modsecurity.org/) configured.
[:notice] [pid 4963:tid 4963] ModSecurity: APR compiled version="1.7.0"; loaded version="1.7.0"
[:notice] [pid 4963:tid 4963] ModSecurity: PCRE compiled version="8.44 "; loaded version="8.44 2020-02-12"
[:notice] [pid 4963:tid 4963] ModSecurity: LUA compiled version="Lua 5.4"
[:notice] [pid 4963:tid 4963] ModSecurity: YAJL compiled version="2.1.0"
[:notice] [pid 4963:tid 4963] ModSecurity: LIBXML compiled version="2.9.12"
[-:notice] - - ModSecurity: Original server signature: Apache
[:notice] [pid 4963:tid 4963] ModSecurity: Status engine is currently disabled, enable it by set SecStatusEngine to On.
[lbmethod_heartbeat:notice] - - AH02282: No slotmem from mod_heartmonitor
[-:error] - - SecServerSignature: original signature too short. Please set ServerTokens to Full.
[core:notice] - - AH00094: Command line: 'httpd'

AH00016似乎与ssl证书有关，所以我也附加了ssl的错误日志。
ssl_error_log：

[ssl:emerg] - - AH02562: Failed to configure certificate www.example.com:443:0 (with chain), check /etc/pki/tls/certs/example-wildcard.crt
[ssl:emerg] - - SSL Library Error: error:8000000D:system library::Permission denied (calling fopen(/etc/pki/tls/certs/example-wildcard.crt, r))
[ssl:emerg] - - SSL Library Error: error:10080002:BIO routines::system lib
[ssl:emerg] - - SSL Library Error: error:0A080002:SSL routines::system lib

我发现一个读取通配符证书的权限被拒绝错误，我注意到这是因为我的所有权错误。我将它更改为应有的权限644。
顺便说一句，httpd -t也返回Syntax OK。现在我重新运行没有root权限的httpd -t，返回文件权限错误（通过将所有权更改为apache解决）：

# sudo -u apache httpd -t
AH00526: Syntax error on line 39 of /etc/httpd/conf.d/mod_security.conf:
ModSecurity: Failed to open debug log file: /etc/httpd/logs/modsec_debug.log

奇怪的是，当我检查端口侦听器时，我看到：

$ sudo netstat -punta | grep LISTEN
tcp6       0      0 :::443                  :::*                    LISTEN      4964/httpd          
tcp6       0      0 :::80                   :::*                    LISTEN      4964/httpd

httpd启动失败时是否正在侦听？