我正在使用express和typescript开发一个Rest API。我有一些控制器类，它们的函数充当路由器处理程序。在执行这些函数的过程中，当业务规则没有得到满足时，我可以引发自定义异常，例如“未找到项”或“项已存在”。我使用以下设计完成了这一工作：

//BaseController.ts
interface ErrorMap {
    type: any;
    code: number;
}

export default interface BaseController {
    errorMappings: ErrorMap[]; //allows custom error registration in controllers
}

//CustomError.ts
export default class SampleExistsError extends Error {
    //implementation details...
}

//Custom controller
export default class SampleController implements BaseController {

    async addSampleHandler(req: Request, res: Response): Promise<void> {
        //code that can throw a SampleExistsError...
    }

    errorMappings = [
        //as you see, I want to register the type
        { type: SampleExistsError, code: 400 }
        //there may be other error types registered here here...
    ];
}

//Custom routerErrorMiddleware
import { NextFunction, Request, Response } from "express";
function routerErrorMiddleware(controller: BaseController) {
    return (err: Error, req: Request, res: Response, next: NextFunction) => {
        let handled = false;
        for (const errorMapping of controller.errorMappings) {
            if (err instanceof errorMapping.type) {
                const result = {
                    message: err.message
                };
                handled = true;
                //line below commented because it's not necessary to reproduce the warning/errors
                //res.status(errorMapping.code).json(result);
                break;
            }
        }
        if (!handled) {
            console.log("Error type not found. Looking for next error middleware.");
            next(err);
        }
    };
}

到目前为止一切顺利，设计工作如预期。但后来我得到了一个警告，从linter在这里：

interface ErrorMap {
    type: any //<--- Here's my problem
    code: number
}

我尝试使用这些选项更改定义

//Option 1
interface ErrorMap {
    type: Error; //this breaks the assignment in CustomController
    code: number;
}

//Option 2
interface ErrorMap<T extends Error> {
    type: T; //this breaks the definition in BaseController
    code: number;
}

//Option 3
interface ErrorMap<T extends Error> {
    type: { new(): T }; //same as option 2
    code: number;
}

对于type定义，我可以使用什么来代替any？
添加了一个操场来复制警告（它没有显示在操场上，因为我不能在这里定义linter规则）。