.net 序列化具有不同类型类的属性的泛型列表

t9eec4r0 于 2023-03-04 发布在 .NET

关注(0)|答案(1)|浏览(131)

我有下面的代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text.Json;
public class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Hello World");
        
        var shapes = new List<Shape>();
        shapes.Add(new Circle { Name = "Circle1", Diameter = 2.0});
        shapes.Add(new Circle { Name = "Circle2", Diameter = 2.0});
        
        shapes.Add(new Rectangle { Name = "Rect1", Length = 2.0});
        shapes.Add(new Rectangle { Name = "Rect2", Length = 2.0});
        
        var serialized = JsonSerializer.Serialize(shapes);
        Console.WriteLine(serialized);
    }
    
    
    public abstract class Shape
    {
        public string Name { get;set;}
    }
    
    public class Circle:Shape
    {
        public double Diameter { get;set;}
    }
    public class Rectangle:Shape
    {
        public double Length {get;set;}
    }   
    
}

当序列化时，我丢失了矩形和圆形的属性，只从Shape中得到了它们。
这是一个
[{"名称"："圆1 "}，{"名称"："圆2 "}，{"名称"："矩形1 "}，{"名称"："矩形2 "}]
这是预料之中的，假定序列化器认为它们都是"Shape"，我怎样才能使它足够智能地序列化到适当的子类

.net

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/70687582/serialize-a-generic-list-with-properties-of-different-type-of-classes

1条答案

按热度按时间

ajsxfq5m1#

如果更改基类，可以使代码简单得多

public abstract class Shape
{
    public string Name
    {
        get { return this.GetType().Name; }
    }
}

在这种情况下，你可以用更简单和安全的方式初始化对象。2我也推荐使用Newtonsoft.Json。3它会让你的生活更轻松

var origShapes = new List<Shape>();

    origShapes.Add(new Circle {  Diameter = 2.0 });
    origShapes.Add(new Circle { Diameter = 2.0 });
    origShapes.Add(new Rectangle {  Length = 2.0 });
    origShapes.Add(new Rectangle { Length = 2.0 });

    var json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(origShapes, Newtonsoft.Json.Formatting.Indented);

结果

[
  {
    "Diameter": 2.0,
    "Name": "Circle"
  },
  {
    "Diameter": 2.0,
    "Name": "Circle"
  },
  {
    "Length": 2.0,
    "Name": "Rectangle"
  },
  {
    "Length": 2.0,
    "Name": "Rectangle"
  }
]

测验

List<Shape> shapesBack = JArray.Parse(json)
         .Select(o => (Shape)JsonConvert
        .DeserializeObject(o.ToString(), Type.GetType((string)o["Name"]))).ToList();

    foreach (var shape in shapesBack)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(shape.GetType().Name);
    }

试验结果

Circle
Circle
Rectangle
Rectangle

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.net 序列化具有不同类型类的属性的泛型列表

1条答案

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