根据EurekaLog的文档How to... get background thread call stack?，TEurekaCallStack类有一个BuildForThread()方法，您可以将线程句柄和线程ID传递到该方法，例如：

procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
  CallStack: TEurekaBaseStackList;
  Suspended: Boolean;
begin
  CallStack := EurekaCallStackClass.Create(nil);
  try
    CallStack.BuildForThread(YourThreadHandle, YourThreadId, 
      // Replace with your thread's handle and ID.
      // Thread handle must have:
      // THREAD_GET_CONTEXT, THREAD_QUERY_INFORMATION, and THREAD_SUSPEND_RESUME access rights
      // DO NOT PASS GetCurrentThread and GetCurrentThreadId!!!
      // There is also .BuildForThreadByID method, which does not require thread handle argument.

      nil, // first addr
      [ddUnit, ddProcedure, ddSourceCode], // CurrentEurekaLogOptions.csoDebugInfo
      True, // get debug info?
      False, // show begin calls?
      TracerRawEurekaLogV7Mask, // CurrentEurekaLogOptions.csoAllowedRenderMethods
      True, // running thread?
      @Suspended); // will return True if thread was suspended before call stack is taken
 
    Memo1.Lines.Assign(CallStack);
  finally
    FreeAndNil(CallStack);
  end;
end;

同一页上还写着：

**重要说明：**请注意后台线程将继续运行。例如，其实际调用堆栈可能与您使用的调用堆栈不同。

您可能还对EFreeze单元中的RaiseFreezeException例程感兴趣，该例程将为指定的单个线程创建报告。