您可以使用initialdir、initialfile和filetypes选项自行实现它。
这是前两个例子。

import os
from tkinter import filedialog

last_path = ''
def ask_path_to_open(path=''):
    global last_path
    options = dict(filetypes=[('*.py', '*.py'), ('All', '*.*')])
    path = path or last_path
    if path:
        options.update(
            initialdir=os.path.dirname(path),
            initialfile=os.path.basename(path),
        )
    path = filedialog.askopenfilename(**options)
    last_path = path or ''
    return last_path

print(ask_path_to_open())
print(ask_path_to_open())