您可以阅读第一行，如果它与预期的头不同，则通过seek()返回到文件的开头
给定“in1.csv”

col1,col2
foo,bar

给定“in2.csv”

foo,bar

然后

import csv

fieldnames=['col1','col2']
for file_name in ["in1.csv", "in2.csv"]:
    with open(file_name, "r") as file_in:
        if file_in.readline().strip() != ",".join(fieldnames):
            file_in.seek(0)
        results = list(csv.DictReader(file_in, fieldnames=fieldnames))
    print(results)

应给予您：

[{'col1': 'foo', 'col2': 'bar'}]
[{'col1': 'foo', 'col2': 'bar'}]

您可以使用DictReader并向其提供您最终想要的字段名（以处理隐式无标头情况），然后处理显式情况，即有标头但现在需要跳过它：

import csv

header_vals = ["col1", "col2"]
header_row = {x: x for x in header_vals}

for fname in ["input1.csv", "input2.csv"]:
    with open(fname, newline="") as f:
        reader = csv.DictReader(f, fieldnames=header_vals)

        print(f"{fname}:")
        for row in reader:
            if row == header_row:
                print("  skipped explicit header")
                continue
            print(f"  {row}")

对于这两个文件：

input1.csv
==========
col1,col2
r1c1,r1c2
r2c1,r2c2

input2.csv
==========
r1c1,r1c2
r2c1,r2c2

打印：

input1.csv:
  skipped explicit header
  {'col1': 'r1c1', 'col2': 'r1c2'}
  {'col1': 'r2c1', 'col2': 'r2c2'}
input2.csv:
  {'col1': 'r1c1', 'col2': 'r1c2'}
  {'col1': 'r2c1', 'col2': 'r2c2'}