**前言：**这发生在kubernetes 1.17.2中。

大约一个月前，我通过以下方式续订了所有证书（因为它们将在25天后到期）
'sudo kubeadm alpha证书全部续订'
然后我将更新后的/etc/kuberenetes.admin.conf复制到$HOME/.kube/config。
25天内一切正常，然后证书到期，大多数事情继续正常工作。我可以创建，应用，删除，获取日志/描述pod/节点，引流节点等。
但我再也不能
kubectl执行-it bash
在浏览了S/O所提供的内容后，我确定了一些不是问题所在的东西：
1.所有工作节点上的Kubelet客户端证书正确且未过期。
1.控制平面服务已全部重新启动并且运行正常（API服务器、控制器管理器和调度程序）
1.所有工作机上的计算机都和主机上的一致。
我还重新启动了所有的kubelet服务，但没有效果。
使用-v=3标志运行exec会出现一系列错误，例如写入$HOME/.kube/cache/discovery/（ip and port）/things的权限被拒绝。
我检查了一下，$HOME/.kube/cache/discovery下的所有内容都归root所有，这让我很惊讶，但我不确定会发生什么。
我很肯定这与证书过期有关，但据我所知，没有引用的证书过期。
以下是exec -it -v命令的输出：

I0926 09:10:38.207383  143977 cached_discovery.go:130] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/servergroups.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/servergroups.json.951747418: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.218182  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/authentication.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/authentication.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json.358037648: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.223832  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/apps/v1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/apps/v1/serverresources.json.233202372: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.270628  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/authentication.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/authentication.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json.491603985: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.286187  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/v1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/v1/serverresources.json.246617561: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.288167  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/apiregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/apiregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json.050273651: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.290221  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/networking.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/networking.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json.663074870: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.292567  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/networking.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/networking.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json.861438680: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.294598  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/autoscaling/v2beta2/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/autoscaling/v2beta2/serverresources.json.153396170: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.296621  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/extensions/v1beta1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/extensions/v1beta1/serverresources.json.374028172: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.298626  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/certificates.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/certificates.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json.055142558: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.302635  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/apiregistration.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/apiregistration.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json.349584095: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.304796  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/coordination.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/coordination.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json.828927593: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.306933  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/events.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/events.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json.749609603: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.309070  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/batch/v1beta1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/batch/v1beta1/serverresources.json.891187629: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.311296  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/scheduling.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/scheduling.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json.095032423: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.313529  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json.681854769: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.315781  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/policy/v1beta1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/policy/v1beta1/serverresources.json.623984267: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.317914  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/autoscaling/v1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/autoscaling/v1/serverresources.json.105061109: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.319951  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/batch/v1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/batch/v1/serverresources.json.877278959: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.321926  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/node.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json due to mkdir /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/node.k8s.io/v1beta1: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.324019  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/authorization.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/authorization.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json.303121412: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.325963  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/admissionregistration.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/admissionregistration.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json.187370454: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.328049  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/coordination.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/coordination.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json.531871096: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.330015  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json.215681985: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.332101  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/autoscaling/v2beta1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/autoscaling/v2beta1/serverresources.json.552182828: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.334021  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/discovery.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json due to mkdir /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/discovery.k8s.io/v1beta1: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.336229  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json.897633413: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.338151  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/storage.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/storage.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json.866995967: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.340325  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/storage.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/storage.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json.530593673: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.342279  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/admissionregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/admissionregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json.523148963: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.344700  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/apiextensions.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/apiextensions.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json.398974408: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.346887  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/apiextensions.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/apiextensions.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json.075738247: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.349032  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/scheduling.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/scheduling.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json.925550673: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.351282  143977 cached_discovery.go:78] skipped caching discovery info due to the server is currently unable to handle the request
I0926 09:10:38.351323  143977 shortcut.go:89] Error loading discovery information: unable to retrieve the complete list of server APIs: metrics.k8s.io/v1beta1: the server is currently unable to handle the request
I0926 09:10:38.361244  143977 cached_discovery.go:130] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/servergroups.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/servergroups.json.078017807: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.383656  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/apps/v1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/apps/v1/serverresources.json.925277627: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.391307  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/v1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/v1/serverresources.json.640309234: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.434800  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/admissionregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/admissionregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json.467193527: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.436832  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/scheduling.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/scheduling.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json.950885546: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.438719  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/autoscaling/v2beta2/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/autoscaling/v2beta2/serverresources.json.319412588: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.440611  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/apiextensions.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/apiextensions.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json.196545918: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.442429  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/storage.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/storage.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json.098460512: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.444233  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/authentication.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/authentication.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json.979104658: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.446167  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/extensions/v1beta1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/extensions/v1beta1/serverresources.json.167910548: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.448055  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json.930787558: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.449955  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/authentication.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/authentication.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json.931838216: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.451917  143977 cached_discovery.go:78] skipped caching discovery info due to the server is currently unable to handle the request
I0926 09:10:38.453789  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/apiregistration.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/apiregistration.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json.694079164: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.455842  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/apiextensions.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/apiextensions.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json.500010219: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.457690  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json.018542512: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.459606  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/autoscaling/v1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/autoscaling/v1/serverresources.json.062236495: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.461493  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/scheduling.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/scheduling.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json.838471257: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.463525  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json.157864947: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.466064  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/authorization.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/authorization.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json.241774237: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.468064  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/coordination.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/coordination.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json.946278103: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.469925  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/networking.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/networking.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json.481704225: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.472079  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/apiregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/apiregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json.777763835: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.474016  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/events.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/events.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json.236970469: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.476174  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/storage.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/storage.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json.613842783: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.478043  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/admissionregistration.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/admissionregistration.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json.335527145: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.480113  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/discovery.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json due to mkdir /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/discovery.k8s.io/v1beta1: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.482040  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/policy/v1beta1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/policy/v1beta1/serverresources.json.558002310: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.483961  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/autoscaling/v2beta1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/autoscaling/v2beta1/serverresources.json.393956776: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.485988  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/coordination.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/coordination.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json.744410394: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.487968  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/networking.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/networking.k8s.io/v1/serverresources.json.612010332: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.489993  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/batch/v1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/batch/v1/serverresources.json.856159470: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.492015  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/node.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json due to mkdir /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/node.k8s.io/v1beta1: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.494009  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/batch/v1beta1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/batch/v1beta1/serverresources.json.591595375: permission denied
I0926 09:10:38.496019  143977 cached_discovery.go:87] failed to write cache to /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/certificates.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json due to open /home/username/.kube/cache/discovery/ip_port/certificates.k8s.io/v1beta1/serverresources.json.749766009: permission denied
F0926 09:10:38.522153  143977 helpers.go:114] error: unable to upgrade connection: Unauthorized

任何帮助都将不胜感激。