基本上，如果Set-LocalUser没有抛出，它已经确保新密码成功设置。您可以实现Try Catch来处理可能的错误。

function SetUser1Paswword($hosts, $credential, $newPassword) {
    Invoke-Command -ComputerName $hosts -Credential $credential -ScriptBlock {
        $securePassword = ConvertTo-SecureString -String $using:newPassword -AsPlainText -Force
        try {
            Set-LocalUser -Name User1 -Password $securePassword -Verbose -ErrorAction Stop
        }
        catch {
            # handling here
        }
    }
}

至于验证密码，假设这是本地帐户，使用PrincipalContext.ValidateCredentials Method可以执行以下操作：

function SetUser1Paswword($hosts, $credential, $newPassword) {
    Invoke-Command -ComputerName $hosts -Credential $credential -ScriptBlock {
        $securePassword = ConvertTo-SecureString -String $using:newPassword -AsPlainText -Force
        try {
            Add-Type -AssemblyName System.DirectoryServices.AccountManagement
            Set-LocalUser -Name User1 -Password $securePassword -Verbose -ErrorAction Stop
            $context = [System.DirectoryServices.AccountManagement.PrincipalContext]::new(
                [System.DirectoryServices.AccountManagement.ContextType]::Machine)
            $context.ValidateCredentials('User1', $using:newPassword) # Should be True
        }
        catch {
            # handling here
        }
    }
}