python-3.x builtins.TypeError:必须是字符串，而不是字节

qv7cva1a 于 2023-03-24 发布在 Python

关注(0)|答案(3)|浏览(114)

我已经将我的脚本从Python 2.7转换到3.2，我有一个bug。

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import time
from datetime import date
from lxml import etree
from collections import OrderedDict

# Create the root element
page = etree.Element('results')

# Make a new document tree
doc = etree.ElementTree(page)

# Add the subelements
pageElement = etree.SubElement(page, 'Country',Tim = 'Now', 
                                      name='Germany', AnotherParameter = 'Bye',
                                      Code='DE',
                                      Storage='Basic')
pageElement = etree.SubElement(page, 'City', 
                                      name='Germany',
                                      Code='PZ',
                                      Storage='Basic',AnotherParameter = 'Hello')
# For multiple multiple attributes, use as shown above

# Save to XML file
outFile = open('output.xml', 'w')
doc.write(outFile)

在最后一行，我得到了这个错误：

builtins.TypeError: must be str, not bytes
File "C:\PythonExamples\XmlReportGeneratorExample.py", line 29, in <module>
  doc.write(outFile)
File "c:\Python32\Lib\site-packages\lxml\etree.pyd", line 1853, in lxml.etree._ElementTree.write (src/lxml/lxml.etree.c:44355)
File "c:\Python32\Lib\site-packages\lxml\etree.pyd", line 478, in lxml.etree._tofilelike (src/lxml/lxml.etree.c:90649)
File "c:\Python32\Lib\site-packages\lxml\etree.pyd", line 282, in lxml.etree._ExceptionContext._raise_if_stored (src/lxml/lxml.etree.c:7972)
File "c:\Python32\Lib\site-packages\lxml\etree.pyd", line 378, in lxml.etree._FilelikeWriter.write (src/lxml/lxml.etree.c:89527)

我已经安装了Python 3.2，我已经安装了lxml-2.3.win32-py3.2.exe。
在Python 2.7上，它可以工作。

python-3.x

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5512811/builtins-typeerror-must-be-str-not-bytes

3条答案

按热度按时间

jhkqcmku1#

outfile应该是二进制模式。

outFile = open('output.xml', 'wb')

赞(0）回复(0）举报 2023-03-24

vcirk6k62#

将二进制文件转换为base64，反之亦然。在python 3.5.2中证明

import base64

read_file = open('/tmp/newgalax.png', 'rb')
data = read_file.read()

b64 = base64.b64encode(data)

print (b64)

# Save file
decode_b64 = base64.b64decode(b64)
out_file = open('/tmp/out_newgalax.png', 'wb')
out_file.write(decode_b64)

# Test in python 3.5.2

赞(0）回复(0）举报 2023-03-24

z9zf31ra3#

如果由于某种原因，输出文件是用mode='w'打开的，并且不能用'wb'重新打开，解决方法是在TextIOWrapper上访问.buffer以创建BufferedWriter（如果文件是用mode='wb'打开的，则会示例化）并写入。

s = """
<country name="Liechtenstein">
    <year>2008</year>
    <gdppc>141100</gdppc>
</country>
"""
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
doc = ET.ElementTree(ET.fromstring(s))

outFile = open('output.xml', 'w')
doc.write(outFile.buffer)             # <--- buffer here
outFile.close()

赞(0）回复(0）举报 2023-03-24

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python-3.x builtins.TypeError:必须是字符串，而不是字节

3条答案

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