默认情况下，测试不会在容器中运行。我们可以显式地使用docker创建一个包含生成的IMAGE的容器。

test:
  # auth
  - image: auth-img-dev
    context: auth
    custom:
      # run test in container
      - command: echo $IMAGE && docker run -e CI=true $IMAGE npm test

但是，在Windows中，我们需要用%IMAGE%替换$IMAGE，所以我认为最好只将其用于持续集成，并在单独的终端窗口中本地运行npm run test-watch。（可能有一种方法可以使用Docker映像执行connect，而不必在本地重新安装依赖项，但你可能负责一个微服务，所以这不是一个很大的麻烦。
我发现有两个不同的Dockerfile和两个skaffold配置更简单。

skaffold.dev.yaml

# less images to build and no tests
apiVersion: skaffold/v4beta2
kind: Config
metadata:
  name: microservices-quiz-app
build:
  artifacts:
    # auth
    - image: auth-img
      context: auth
      docker:
        dockerfile: Dockerfile.dev
      sync:
        manual:
          - src: src/**/*
            dest: .
    # quiz
    - image: quiz-img
      context: quiz
      docker:
        dockerfile: Dockerfile.dev
    # react-client
    - image: react-client-img
      context: react-client
      docker:
        dockerfile: Dockerfile.dev
      sync:
        manual:
          - src: src/**/*
            dest: .
manifests:
  rawYaml:
  - auth/k8s/*.yaml
  - quiz/k8s/*.yaml
  - react-client/k8s/*.yaml
  - jwt-secret.yaml
  - ingress-srv.yaml
  - kafka.yaml

skaffold.yaml

apiVersion: skaffold/v4beta2
kind: Config
metadata:
  name: microservices-quiz-app
build:
  artifacts:
    # auth
    - image: auth-img
      context: auth
      docker:
        dockerfile: Dockerfile
    - image: auth-img-dev
      context: auth
      docker:
        dockerfile: Dockerfile.dev
    # quiz
    - image: quiz-img
      context: quiz
      docker:
        dockerfile: Dockerfile
    # react client
    - image: react-client-img
      context: react-client
      docker:
        dockerfile: Dockerfile
    - image: react-client-img-dev
      context: react-client
      docker:
        dockerfile: Dockerfile.dev
test:
  # auth
  - image: auth-img-dev
    context: auth
    custom:
      # run test in container
      - command: echo $IMAGE && docker run -e CI=true $IMAGE npm test
  # react-client
  - image: react-client-img-dev
    context: react-client
    custom:
      # run test in container
      - command: docker run -e CI=true $IMAGE npm test
manifests:
  rawYaml:
  - auth/k8s/*.yaml
  - react-client/k8s/*.yaml 
  - quiz/k8s/*.yaml
  # - jwt-secret.yaml created manually
  - ingress-srv.yaml

生产skaffold.yaml仍然需要构建开发映像，以便能够运行测试。

Dockerfile.dev

# alpine doesn't work with mongodb-memory-server
FROM node:18
WORKDIR /app
COPY ["package.json", "package-lock.json*", "./"]
RUN npm install
COPY . .
CMD [ "npm", "run", "dev" ]

停靠文件

FROM node:18-alpine

ENV NODE_ENV=production

WORKDIR /app

COPY ["package.json", "package-lock.json*", "./"]

RUN npm install --omit=dev

COPY . .

CMD ["npm", "start"]

生产Dockerfile通常是一个多阶段构建（不确定是否适用于nodejs服务器），例如使用React：

FROM node:18-alpine as builder 
WORKDIR /app
COPY ["package.json", "package-lock.json*", "./"]
RUN npm i
COPY . .
RUN npm run build

FROM node:18-alpine
WORKDIR /app
RUN npm install --global serve
COPY --from=builder /app/dist .
CMD ["serve", "-l", "5173"]

关于Golang：

## Build
FROM golang:1.20-buster AS build

WORKDIR /app

COPY go.mod ./
COPY go.sum ./
RUN go mod download

COPY . .

RUN go build -o /quiz

## Deploy
FROM gcr.io/distroless/base-debian10

COPY --from=build /quiz /quiz

EXPOSE 8080

USER nonroot:nonroot

ENTRYPOINT ["/quiz"]

您还可以使用开发映像作为生产映像的第一个阶段。