android 如何在flutter上使用cookie发出http请求？

e0uiprwp  于 2023-04-27  发布在  Android
关注(0)|答案(8)|浏览(279)

我想向远程服务器发出http请求，同时正确处理cookie（例如，存储服务器发送的cookie，并在我发出后续请求时发送这些cookie）。
对于我正在使用的HTTP请求

static Future<Map> postData(Map data) async {
  http.Response res = await http.post(url, body: data); // post api call
  Map data = JSON.decode(res.body);
  return data;
}
android

8条答案

按热度按时间
fcy6dtqo

fcy6dtqo1#

下面是一个如何获取会话cookie并在后续请求中返回它的示例。您可以轻松地修改它以返回多个cookie。创建一个Session类并通过它路由所有GET和POST。

class Session {
  Map<String, String> headers = {};

  Future<Map> get(String url) async {
    http.Response response = await http.get(url, headers: headers);
    updateCookie(response);
    return json.decode(response.body);
  }

  Future<Map> post(String url, dynamic data) async {
    http.Response response = await http.post(url, body: data, headers: headers);
    updateCookie(response);
    return json.decode(response.body);
  }

  void updateCookie(http.Response response) {
    String rawCookie = response.headers['set-cookie'];
    if (rawCookie != null) {
      int index = rawCookie.indexOf(';');
      headers['cookie'] =
          (index == -1) ? rawCookie : rawCookie.substring(0, index);
    }
  }
}
赞(0）分享  回复(0）举报  2023-04-27
bd1hkmkf

bd1hkmkf2#

我改进了Richard Heap的解决方案，使其能够处理多个“Set-cookie”和多个cookie。
在我的例子中，服务器返回多个'Set-cookie'。http包将所有set-cookie头部连接在一个头部中，并用逗号（'，'）分隔。

class NetworkService {

  final JsonDecoder _decoder = new JsonDecoder();
  final JsonEncoder _encoder = new JsonEncoder();

  Map<String, String> headers = {"content-type": "text/json"};
  Map<String, String> cookies = {};

  void _updateCookie(http.Response response) {
    String allSetCookie = response.headers['set-cookie'];

    if (allSetCookie != null) {

      var setCookies = allSetCookie.split(',');

      for (var setCookie in setCookies) {
        var cookies = setCookie.split(';');

        for (var cookie in cookies) {
          _setCookie(cookie);
        }
      }

      headers['cookie'] = _generateCookieHeader();
    }
  }

  void _setCookie(String rawCookie) {
    if (rawCookie.length > 0) {
      var keyValue = rawCookie.split('=');
      if (keyValue.length == 2) {
        var key = keyValue[0].trim();
        var value = keyValue[1];

        // ignore keys that aren't cookies
        if (key == 'path' || key == 'expires')
          return;

        this.cookies[key] = value;
      }
    }
  }

  String _generateCookieHeader() {
    String cookie = "";

    for (var key in cookies.keys) {
      if (cookie.length > 0)
        cookie += ";";
      cookie += key + "=" + cookies[key];
    }

    return cookie;
  }

  Future<dynamic> get(String url) {
    return http.get(url, headers: headers).then((http.Response response) {
      final String res = response.body;
      final int statusCode = response.statusCode;

      _updateCookie(response);

      if (statusCode < 200 || statusCode > 400 || json == null) {
        throw new Exception("Error while fetching data");
      }
      return _decoder.convert(res);
    });
  }

  Future<dynamic> post(String url, {body, encoding}) {
    return http
        .post(url, body: _encoder.convert(body), headers: headers, encoding: encoding)
        .then((http.Response response) {
      final String res = response.body;
      final int statusCode = response.statusCode;

      _updateCookie(response);

      if (statusCode < 200 || statusCode > 400 || json == null) {
        throw new Exception("Error while fetching data");
      }
      return _decoder.convert(res);
    });
  }
}
赞(0）分享  回复(0）举报  2023-04-27
oknrviil

oknrviil3#

我已经发布了一个名为requests的小flutter库来帮助处理cookie-aware http请求。

dependencies:
  requests: ^3.0.1

使用方法：

import 'package:requests/requests.dart';

// ...

// this will persist cookies
var r1 = await Requests.post("https://example.com/api/v1/login", json: {"username":"...", "password":"..."} ); 
r1.raiseForStatus();

// this will re-use the persisted cookies
var r2 = await Requests.get("https://example.com/api/v1/stuff"); 
r2.raiseForStatus();
print(r2.json()['id'])

了解更多关于requests

赞(0）分享  回复(0）举报  2023-04-27
4smxwvx5

4smxwvx54#

我把larly's answer迁移到了nullsafety。还添加了'put'函数。

import 'dart:convert';
import 'package:http/http.dart' as http;

class NetworkService {
  final JsonDecoder _decoder = const JsonDecoder();
  final JsonEncoder _encoder = const JsonEncoder();

  Map<String, String> headers = {"content-type": "application/json"};
  Map<String, String> cookies = {};

  void _updateCookie(http.Response response) {
    String? allSetCookie = response.headers['set-cookie'];

    if (allSetCookie != null) {
      var setCookies = allSetCookie.split(',');

      for (var setCookie in setCookies) {
        var cookies = setCookie.split(';');

        for (var cookie in cookies) {
          _setCookie(cookie);
        }
      }

      headers['cookie'] = _generateCookieHeader();
    }
  }

  void _setCookie(String? rawCookie) {
    if (rawCookie != null) {
      var keyValue = rawCookie.split('=');
      if (keyValue.length == 2) {
        var key = keyValue[0].trim();
        var value = keyValue[1];

        // ignore keys that aren't cookies
        if (key == 'path' || key == 'expires') return;

        cookies[key] = value;
      }
    }
  }

  String _generateCookieHeader() {
    String cookie = "";

    for (var key in cookies.keys) {
      if (cookie.isNotEmpty) cookie += ";";
      cookie += key + "=" + cookies[key]!;
    }

    return cookie;
  }

  Future<dynamic> get(String url) {
    return http.get(Uri.parse(url), headers: headers).then((http.Response response) {
      final String res = response.body;
      final int statusCode = response.statusCode;

      _updateCookie(response);

      if (statusCode < 200 || statusCode > 400) {
        throw Exception("Error while fetching data");
      }
      return _decoder.convert(res);
    });
  }

  Future<dynamic> post(String url, {body, encoding}) {
    return http.post(Uri.parse(url), body: _encoder.convert(body), headers: headers, encoding: encoding).then((http.Response response) {
      final String res = response.body;
      final int statusCode = response.statusCode;

      _updateCookie(response);

      if (statusCode < 200 || statusCode > 400) {
        throw Exception("Error while fetching data");
      }
      return _decoder.convert(res);
    });
  }

  Future<dynamic> put(String url, {body, encoding}) {
    return http.put(Uri.parse(url), body: _encoder.convert(body), headers: headers, encoding: encoding).then((http.Response response) {
      final String res = response.body;
      final int statusCode = response.statusCode;

      _updateCookie(response);

      if (statusCode < 200 || statusCode > 400) {
        throw Exception("Error while fetching data");
      }
      return _decoder.convert(res);
    });
  }
}
赞(0）分享  回复(0）举报  2023-04-27
piwo6bdm

piwo6bdm5#

如果没有问题，我会使用dio和cookiejar。
只需在pubspec.yaml中添加以下依赖项：

dependencies:
  dio: ^4.0.4
  dio_cookie_manager: ^2.0.0
  cookie_jar: ^3.0.1

这里有一个使用它的例子。确保你运行它作为一个flutter脚本，而不是dart脚本。

import 'package:cookie_jar/cookie_jar.dart';
import 'package:dio/dio.dart';
import 'package:dio_cookie_manager/dio_cookie_manager.dart';

void main() async {
  var dio =  Dio(BaseOptions(
      connectTimeout: 10000,  // in ms
      receiveTimeout: 10000,
      sendTimeout: 10000,
      responseType: ResponseType.plain,
      followRedirects: false,
      validateStatus: (status) { return true; }
  ));   // some dio configurations

  dio.interceptors.add(CookieManager(CookieJar()));

  var firstResponse = await dio.get(
      "https://somewebsite.com/get_login_info");
  print(firstResponse.data);

  var loginResponse = await dio.post(
      "https://somewebsite.com/login",
      data: FormData.fromMap(
          {
            'username': 'YourUsername',
            'password': 'YourPassword',
          }
      ));  // cookies are automatically saved
  print(loginResponse.statusCode);

  var nextResponse = await dio.get(
      "https://somewebsite.com/get_login_info");
  print(nextResponse.data);
}

示例输出：

{"is_logged_in": 0}
302
{"is_logged_in": 1}
赞(0）分享  回复(0）举报  2023-04-27
mlnl4t2r

mlnl4t2r6#

我发现最好的解决方案来处理cookie的重定向也

import 'dart:convert';
import 'dart:io';

class CustomHTTPClient{
  final HttpClient _client = new HttpClient();
  Map<String, String> _cookies = Map();

  CustomHTTPClient(){
    _client.connectionTimeout = Duration(seconds: 10);
  }

  Future<String> get(String url, {int maxRedirect = 3}) async {
    final parsedUrl = Uri.parse(url);
    return await _client.getUrl(parsedUrl)
        .then((HttpClientRequest request) {
      request.followRedirects = false;
      _beforeRequest(request);
      return request.close();
    }).then((HttpClientResponse response) async {
      _afterResponse(response);
      if(response.isRedirect && maxRedirect > 0){
        return await response.drain().then((value) => get(parsedUrl.resolve(response.headers.value('location')).toString(), maxRedirect: maxRedirect - 1));
      }
      return response.transform(utf8.decoder).join();
    }).catchError((error, stack){
      print(error);print(stack);
    });
  }

  void _beforeRequest(HttpClientRequest request){
    request.headers.set(HttpHeaders.acceptEncodingHeader, 'gzip, deflate, br');

    // Set cookie
    final String rawCookies = _cookies.keys.map((String name) => '$name=${_cookies[name]}').join('; ');
    if(rawCookies.isNotEmpty) request.headers.set(HttpHeaders.cookieHeader, rawCookies);
  }

  void _afterResponse(HttpClientResponse response){
    response.headers.forEach((String name, List<String> values){
      if(name == 'set-cookie'){ // Get cookies for next request
        values.forEach((String rawCookie){
          try{
            Cookie cookie = Cookie.fromSetCookieValue(rawCookie);
            _cookies[cookie.name] = cookie.value;
          } catch(e){
            final List<String> cookie = rawCookie.split(';')[0].split('=');
            _cookies[cookie[0]] = cookie[1];
          }
        });
        return false;
      }
    });
  }
}
赞(0）分享  回复(0）举报  2023-04-27
ars1skjm

ars1skjm7#

如果你需要一个格式，那么它就是

Map<String, String> headers = {
  'cookie': 'cookie1=$data1;cookie2=data2;cookie3=data3'
};

可以通过调用cookie访问1，2，3

赞(0）分享  回复(0）举报  2023-04-27
a0zr77ik

a0zr77ik8#

根据您使用Flutter Web或移动的设备的情况，有不同的方式来获取Cookie
对于Flutter Web，您只需：

  • 在前面设置凭据为true
  • 在我例子中，在服务器的头文件中添加“'Access-Control-Allow-Credentials'，true”，我在后端使用Dart（Alfred框架）
  • 检查您的服务器的来源是否与您的主机匹配：前面的端口

您的浏览器将完成这项工作并自动重新发送您的Cookie。
你可以定义一个特定的端口时，午餐的应用程序与此命令-“flutter运行-d chrome --web-port 5555”
但对于移动的你必须使一些技巧
我使用Dio包来轻松定义onResponse/onRequest函数和条件导入，以避免编译失败。（不幸的是，withCredentials选项仅在Web上可用）
如果要使用默认的http类
您只需创建自己的onResponse/onRequest函数

NetworkConfig.dart

import 'package:dio/dio.dart';

import '../../../constants/url_paths.dart';
import 'get_net_config.dart'
    if (dart.library.io) 'mobile_net_config.dart'
    if (dart.library.html) 'web_net_config.dart';

class NetworkConfig {
  final _client = getClient()
    ..options = BaseOptions(
      baseUrl: url,
      connectTimeout: const Duration(seconds: 5),
      receiveTimeout: const Duration(seconds: 6),
    );

  Dio get client => _client;

  final Map<String, String> headers = <String, String>{
    'Content-Type': 'application/json'
  };
}
  • 我使用另一个类来执行我的get、post...它扩展了NetworkConfig*
    get_network_config.dart
import 'package:dio/dio.dart';

    Dio getClient() => throw UnsupportedError('[Platform ERROR] Network client');

web_network_config.dart

import 'package:dio/browser.dart';
import 'package:dio/dio.dart';

Dio getClient() =>
    Dio()..httpClientAdapter = BrowserHttpClientAdapter(withCredentials: true);

移动的网络配置.dart

import 'dart:io';
import 'package:<projet_name>/data/data.dart';
import 'package:dio/dio.dart';

// CLIENT
Dio getClient() => Dio()
  ..interceptors.add(InterceptorsWrapper(
    onRequest: (options, handler) async {
      options.headers['cookie'] = await localData.read('cookie');

      return handler.next(options);
    },
    onResponse: (response, handler) {
      response.headers.forEach((name, values) async {
        if (name == HttpHeaders.setCookieHeader) {
          final cookieMap = <String, String>{};

          for (var c in values) {
            var key = '';
            var value = '';

            key = c.substring(0, c.indexOf('='));
            value = c.substring(key.length + 1, c.indexOf(';'));

            cookieMap[key] = value;
          }

          var cookiesFormatted = '';

          cookieMap
              .forEach((key, value) => cookiesFormatted += '$key=$value; ');

          await localData.write('cookie', cookiesFormatted);

          return;
        }
      });

      return handler.next(response);
    },
  ));

localData是flutter_secure_storage的 Package 器（在本地保存cookie）

如果使用默认的Client（）类，还可以像这样设置凭据

import 'package:http/http.dart';

Client getClient() => BrowserClient()..withCredentials = true;
赞(0）分享  回复(0）举报  2023-04-27
我来回答

相关问题

    查看更多

    热门标签

    更多
    JavaquerypythonNode开发语言requestUtil数据库Table后端算法LoggerMessageElementParser

    最新问答

    更多
    • 蜀ICP备2022004421号-2 NULL123 https://www.null123.com © All rights reserved
    • 本站内容来源互联网,如果侵犯您的权益请联系我们删除, 联系方式：448109455@qq.com