If you always have the same two chemicals "chemical 1" and "chemical 2" then a pivot would work:

select 
    BatchID, 
    [Chemical 1] as [Chemical 1 Actual],
    [Chemical 2] as [Chemical 2 Actual]
from
(
    select 
        BatchID,
        [Description],
        Actual
    from 
        dbo.BatchResults
) t
pivot(
    sum(Actual)
    for [Description] in ([Chemical 1],[Chemical 2])
) as pivot_table;

Some further detail and information on pivot (including some extra details on making pivots "dynamic" with a dynamic sql approach):

https://www.sqlservertutorial.net/sql-server-basics/sql-server-pivot/

Note that personally I would consider your original output as perfectly acceptable "readable format". You may be able leave the details of presentation of data to client code rather than being done in "raw sql" - for example, feeding a pivot table in Excel, a chart or table in a web app, or simply being transformed by some code in a client app.