你必须使用shell并执行git命令来检索数据，将其存储在文件中，然后将文件读入变量，如下所示：

sh 'git log --format="%ae" | head -1 > commit-author.txt'                 
readFile('commit-author.txt').trim()

上面的代码将为您提供最后提交的作者。

我使用以下方法。
首先在JenkinsFile中添加一个stage，从git log中检索提交作者（和消息）到env中。var：

stage('get_commit_details') {
        steps {
            script {
                env.GIT_COMMIT_MSG = sh (script: 'git log -1 --pretty=%B ${GIT_COMMIT}', returnStdout: true).trim()
                env.GIT_AUTHOR = sh (script: 'git log -1 --pretty=%cn ${GIT_COMMIT}', returnStdout: true).trim()
            }
        }
    }

然后在post-build操作中发送Slack消息：（顺便说一句，我发送到两个不同的通道（成功/失败），以便成功通道可以静音。

post {
    failure {
        slackSend (channel: 'xyz-build-failure', color: '#FF0000', message: """FAILED:
Job: ${env.JOB_NAME}
Build #${env.BUILD_NUMBER}
Build: ${env.BUILD_URL})
Comitted by: ${env.GIT_AUTHOR}
Last commit message: '${env.GIT_COMMIT_MSG}'""")
    }
    success {
        slackSend (channel: 'xyz-build-success', color: '#00FF00', message: """SUCCESS:
Job: ${env.JOB_NAME}
Build #${env.BUILD_NUMBER}
Build: ${env.BUILD_URL})
Comitted by: ${env.GIT_AUTHOR}
Last commit message: '${env.GIT_COMMIT_MSG}'""")
    }
  }

还有一种方法可以获取信息。
Jenkins中运行的每个作业都有一个名为${env.BUILD_URL}的变量。
如果你在这个${env.BUILD_URL}中添加“API/json”并curl这个url，你将得到Jenkins知道的关于这个构建的所有信息。
提交者名称也显示在那里：

"commitId": "d2212180afc238fb423981d91f39d680dfd06c67",
  "timestamp": 1499117423000,
  "author": {
    "absoluteUrl": "https://jenkins.company.com/user/camelel",
    "fullName": "itai ganot"

下面的命令会让你得到最后一个提交者的全名：

itai@Itais-MacBook-Pro ~/src/scripts -  (master) $ curl -s --insecure  https://jenkins.company.com/job/geek-kb/job/scripts/job/master/5/api/json | python -mjson.tool | grep fullName
                        "fullName": "itai ganot"

示例：

itai@Itais-MacBook-Pro ~/src/scripts -  (master) $ curl -s --insecure  https://jenkins.company.com/job/geek-kb/job/scripts/job/master/5/api/json
    {"_class":"org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.job.WorkflowRun","actions":[{"_class":"hudson.model.CauseAction","causes":[{"_class":"jenkins.branch.BranchIndexingCause","shortDescription":"Branch indexing"}]},{},{},{},{},{},{"_class":"hudson.plugins.git.util.BuildData","buildsByBranchName":{"master":{"_class":"hudson.plugins.git.util.Build","buildNumber":5,"buildResult":null,"marked":{"SHA1":"d2212180afc238fb423981d91f39d680dfd06c67","branch":[{"SHA1":"d2212180afc238fb423981d91f39d680dfd06c67","name":"master"}]},"revision":{"SHA1":"d2212180afc238fb423981d91f39d680dfd06c67","branch":[{"SHA1":"d2212180afc238fb423981d91f39d680dfd06c67","name":"master"}]}}},"lastBuiltRevision":{"SHA1":"d2212180afc238fb423981d91f39d680dfd06c67","branch":[{"SHA1":"d2212180afc238fb423981d91f39d680dfd06c67","name":"master"}]},"remoteUrls":["https://github.com/geek-kb/scripts.git"],"scmName":""},{"_class":"hudson.plugins.git.GitTagAction"},{},{"_class":"org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.cps.EnvActionImpl"},{},{},{},{"_class":"org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.job.views.FlowGraphAction"},{},{}],"artifacts":[],"building":false,"description":null,"displayName":"# 5 | master","duration":17807,"estimatedDuration":14531,"executor":null,"fullDisplayName":"Itai Ganot » scripts » master # 5 | master","id":"5","keepLog":false,"number":5,"queueId":4894,"result":"SUCCESS","timestamp":1499117462714,"url":"https://jenkins.company.com/job/geek-kb/job/scripts/job/master/5/","changeSets":[{"_class":"hudson.plugins.git.GitChangeSetList","items":[{"_class":"hudson.plugins.git.GitChangeSet","affectedPaths":["Jenkinsfile"],"commitId":"d2212180afc238fb423981d91f39d680dfd06c67","timestamp":1499117423000,"author":{"absoluteUrl":"https://lel.doesntexist.com/user/camelel","fullName":"itai ganot"},"authorEmail":"camelel@gmail.com","comment":"Test\n","date":"2017-07-04 00:30:23 +0300","id":"d2212180afc238fb423981d91f39d680dfd06c67","msg":"Test","paths":[{"editType":"edit","file":"Jenkinsfile"}]}],"kind":"git"}],"nextBuild":null,"previousBuild":{"number":4,"url":"https://lel.doesntexist.com/job/geek-kb/job/scripts/job/master/4/"}}itai@Itais-MacBook-Pro ~/src/scripts -  (master) $ curl -s --insecure  https://lel.doesntexist.com/job/geek-kb/job/scripts/job/master/5/api/json

为了提高可读性，您可以使用python jsonTool或jq工具，它们将输出排序为JSON。

curl ${env.BUILD_URL}api/json | python -mjson.tool

或

curl ${env.BUILD_URL}api/json | jq

一行：

def lastCommiterEmail = sh(returnStdout: true, script: 'git log --format="%ae" | head -1').trim()

我提取用户电子邮件的方法。

script{
def COMMITTER_EMAIL = bat (
                script: "git --no-pager show -s --format=%%ae",
                  returnStdout: true
              ).split('\r\n')[2].trim()

    echo "The last commit was written by ${COMMITTER_EMAIL}"
}

如果你安装了Email Ext Plugin，另一种获取提交者的方法是：

def emailTo = emailextrecipients([culprits()])