我在画一个简单的以R为底的散点图。我绘制了x =延伸时间对y =荧光的曲线。我有两个不同的分组：一个是strain，另一个是cit。我尝试使用两种不同的调色板为两个不同的菌株，并有每个cit有自己的颜色在该调色板。
我通过将两个不同的菌株分离到单独的 Dataframe （NMmedian和cit20median）来解决这个问题，希望通过顺序绘制点来为每个菌株分配不同的调色板：

#defining my two palettes:
darkcols <- c(cit0 = "#1548E0", cit3 = "#008F00", cit6 = "#CCAD00", cit9 = "#B85C00", citMax =  "#B80000", citMin = "#8F008F") #for normalized
cols  <-    c(cit0 = "royalblue2", cit3 = "green3", cit6 = "gold1", cit9 = "darkorange2", citMax = "red2", citMin = "magenta3") #for WT

palette = cols

pdf("20citvsNMwt.pdf", width = 2, height = 1.67, pointsize = 7, useDingbats = F, bg = "white" )
# sets margin stuff:
par( mex = 0.65 ) 
par( mar = c(7,6.5,4,3) )
par( oma = c(0,0.5,1,0) )

#first plotting one strain (works as intended)
plot( NMmedians$elongation_time, NMmedians$ratio, 
      col = as.factor(NMmedians$cit),
      pch = 20,
      #cex = 0.6,
      axes = F,
      xlim = c(150,400),
      ylim = c(0,1),
      xlab = "",
      ylab = "fluorescence"
)

#now trying to plot the other strain, the col parameter is where I've been focusing my efforts:
points(cit20medians$elongation_time, cit20medians$ratio, 
 pch = 20, 
 col = list(darkcols, as.factor(cit20medians$cit))
 )

axis( 1 )
axis( 2 )
title( xlab = "elongation time", line = 4.5 )

dev.off()

here is the graph when I just use col = as.factor(cit20medians$cit) which doesn't change the palette for the second set of points
我已经成功地让它对第二组点使用darkcol调色板，只需要执行col = darkcols，但它不保留与每个“城市”的对应关系：here it is with both palettes, but darkcols at random
强调：从图形上看，这里的目标是根据它们属于哪个cit使每个点集沿着X轴呈彩虹状，并且根据它们属于哪个应变使每个点集沿着Y轴变亮或变暗。