据我所知，您希望从knowledge graph中提取描述。
要找到所需的选择器，可以使用select_one()方法。此方法接受要搜索的选择器。要获取所需的元素，需要引用带有.kno-rdesc类的通用div，并选择其中的span标记。生成的选择器如下所示：.kno-rdesc span。
由于对于某些搜索查询，知识图可能会丢失，因此有必要处理此异常：

try:
    result = soup.select_one(".kno-rdesc span").text
    print(result)
except:
    print('There is no knowledge graph for this search query')

此外，确保您使用的是请求头user-agent来充当“真实的”的用户访问。因为默认的requestsuser-agent是python-requests，网站理解它最有可能是发送请求的脚本。Check what's your user-agent。
代码和full example in online IDE：

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests, lxml

# https://docs.python-requests.org/en/master/user/quickstart/#passing-parameters-in-urls
params = {
    "q": "Was ist die Hauptstadt von Deutschland",
    "hl": "en",  # language
    "gl": "us"   # country of the search, US -> USA
}

# https://docs.python-requests.org/en/master/user/quickstart/#custom-headers
headers = {
    "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/114.0.0.0 Safari/537.36",
}

html = requests.get("https://www.google.com/search", params=params, headers=headers, timeout=30)
soup = BeautifulSoup(html.text, "lxml")

try:
    result = soup.select_one(".kno-rdesc span").text
    print(result)
except:
    print('There is no knowledge graph for this search query')

输出：

Berlin, Germany’s capital, dates to the 13th century. Reminders of the city's turbulent 20th-century history include its Holocaust memorial and the Berlin Wall's graffitied remains. Divided during the Cold War, its 18th-century Brandenburg Gate has become a symbol of reunification. The city's also known for its art scene and modern landmarks like the gold-colored, swoop-roofed Berliner Philharmonie, built in 1963. ― Google

或者，您可以使用SerpApi中的Google Knowledge Graph API。这是一个付费的API与免费计划。
不同之处在于，它将绕过来自Google或其他搜索引擎的阻止，因此最终用户不必弄清楚如何做到这一点，维护解析，而只需考虑检索哪些数据。
要集成的示例代码：

from serpapi import GoogleSearch

params = {
    "api_key": "...",               # https://serpapi.com/manage-api-key
    "engine": "google",             # search engine
    "q": "Was ist die Hauptstadt von Deutschland"
    # other parameters
}

search = GoogleSearch(params)       # data extraction on the SerpApi backend
result_dict = search.get_dict()     # JSON -> Python dict

result = result_dict.get("knowledge_graph", {}).get("description")
print(result)

输出：

Berlin, Germany’s capital, dates to the 13th century. Reminders of the city's turbulent 20th-century history include its Holocaust memorial and the Berlin Wall's graffitied remains. Divided during the Cold War, its 18th-century Brandenburg Gate has become a symbol of reunification. The city's also known for its art scene and modern landmarks like the gold-colored, swoop-roofed Berliner Philharmonie, built in 1963. ― Google

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