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我创建了一个电子和React的应用程序。此应用程序有一个内部C++服务器。在开发模式下，我没有问题，但在打包后，服务器无法启动。
这是我的文件夹树：

├── dist-electron
│   ├── main
│   └── preload
├── electron
│   ├── main
│   └── preload
├── public
│   └── tmp
├── server
└── src
    ├── @types
    ├── api
    ├── assets
    ├── common
    ├── components
    ├── context
    ├── routes
    └── theme

server文件夹在react build后包含在dist文件夹中。
在electron main中我写了这个函数：

try {
  const appPath = app.isPackaged
    ? join(process.env.PUBLIC, '../../server')
    : join(process.env.DIST_ELECTRON, '../server');

  const server = spawn(
    join(appPath, 'operations'),
    [
      join(appPath, 'settings.json'),
      join(appPath, '../public/tmp'),
    ],
    { cwd: appPath }
  );

  server.stdout.on('data', (data) => {
    console.log(`Server stdout: ${data}`);
  });

  server.stderr.on('data', (data) => {
    console.error(`Server stderr: ${data}`);
  });

  server.on('close', (code) => {
    console.log(`Server process exited with code ${code}`);
  });
}
catch (err) {
  dialog.showMessageBox(DialDesigner.main!, { title: 'Errore', message: process.env.PUBLIC });
  app.quit();
}

其中：

process.env.DIST_ELECTRON = join(__dirname, '../');
process.env.DIST = join(process.env.DIST_ELECTRON, '../dist');
process.env.PUBLIC = process.env.VITE_DEV_SERVER_URL ? 
                          join(process.env.DIST_ELECTRON, '../public') : 
                          process.env.DIST;

我总是把spawn ENOTDIR作为错误。我解压缩app.asar文件，操作可执行文件存在于正确的目录dist/server中
下面是electron-builder.json5配置文件：

/**
 * @see https://www.electron.build/configuration/configuration
 */
{
  "appId": "it.softwaves.dial-designer",
  "productName": "Dial Designer",
  "asar": true,  
  "directories": {
    "output": "release/${version}"
  },
  "files": [
    "dist-electron",
    "dist",
    "server"
  ],
  "mac": {
    "artifactName": "Dial_Designer_${version}.${ext}",
    "target": [
      "dmg",
      "zip"
    ]
  },
  "win": {
    "target": [
      {
        "target": "nsis",
        "arch": [
          "x64"
        ]
      }
    ],
    "artifactName": "Dial_Designer_${version}.${ext}"
  },
  "nsis": {
    "oneClick": false,
    "perMachine": false,
    "allowToChangeInstallationDirectory": true,
    "deleteAppDataOnUninstall": false
  },
  "publish": {
    "provider": "generic",
    "channel": "latest",
    "url": "https://github.com/electron-vite/electron-vite-react/releases/download/v0.9.9/"
  }
}

这是一个DialDesigner.ts类，用于示例和配置电子应用程序：

import { join, dirname } from 'node:path';
import { release } from 'node:os';
import { spawn } from 'node:child_process';
import { copySync } from 'fs-extra';

import { 
  app, BrowserWindow, screen, 
  shell, Menu, MenuItemConstructorOptions, dialog 
} from 'electron';

import { update } from './update';

interface IWin {
  title: string,
  width: number,
  height: number,
  preload?: any,
  resizable?: boolean,
}

export default class DialDesigner {

  public static main: BrowserWindow | null;
  public static settings: BrowserWindow | null;
  
  public static url: string | undefined;
  public static indexHtml: string;
  public static IS_MAC: boolean = process.platform === 'darwin';

  constructor() {
    process.env.DIST_ELECTRON = join(__dirname, '../');
    process.env.DIST = join(process.env.DIST_ELECTRON, '../dist');
    process.env.PUBLIC = process.env.VITE_DEV_SERVER_URL ? 
                              join(process.env.DIST_ELECTRON, '../public') : 
                              process.env.DIST;

    DialDesigner.url = process.env.VITE_DEV_SERVER_URL;
    DialDesigner.indexHtml = join(process.env.DIST, 'index.html');

    if (release().startsWith('6.1')) app.disableHardwareAcceleration();
    if (process.platform === 'win32') app.setAppUserModelId(app.getName());

    if (!app.requestSingleInstanceLock()) {
      app.quit();
      process.exit(0);
    }
  }

  public static newWindow = (win: IWin): BrowserWindow => {
    return new BrowserWindow({
      title: win.title,
      icon: join(process.env.PUBLIC, 'favicon.ico'),
      width: win.width,
      height: win.height,
      center: true,
      resizable: win.resizable ?? true, 
      webPreferences: {
        preload: win?.preload,
        nodeIntegration: true,
        contextIsolation: false,
      },
    });
  }

  private runServer = () => {
    let appPath = null;
    try {
      appPath = app.isPackaged
        ? join(process.env.DIST, '../server')
        : join(process.env.DIST_ELECTRON, '../server');

      const server = spawn(
        join(appPath, 'operations'),
        [
          join(appPath, 'settings.json'),
          join(appPath, '../public/tmp'),
        ],
        { cwd: appPath }
      );

      server.stdout.on('data', (data) => {
        console.log(`Server stdout: ${data}`);
      });

      server.stderr.on('data', (data) => {
        console.error(`Server stderr: ${data}`);
      });

      server.on('close', (code) => {
        console.log(`Server process exited with code ${code}`);
      });
    }
    catch (err) {
      dialog.showMessageBox(DialDesigner.main!, { title: 'Errore', message: 
        `PUBLIC: ${process.env.PUBLIC}
         DIST: ${process.env.DIST}
         EXE: ${join(appPath!, 'operations')}
        `
        });
      app.quit();
    }
  }

  private createWindow = () => {
    const { width, height } = screen.getPrimaryDisplay().size;

    DialDesigner.main = DialDesigner.newWindow({ 
      title: 'Dial Designer',
      width, height,
      preload: join(__dirname, '../preload/index.js'),
    });

    if (DialDesigner.url) {
      DialDesigner.main.loadURL(DialDesigner.url);
      DialDesigner.main.webContents.openDevTools();
    }
    else {
      DialDesigner.main.loadFile(DialDesigner.indexHtml);
    }

    DialDesigner.main.webContents.on('did-finish-load', () => {
      DialDesigner.main?.webContents.send('main-process-message', new Date().toLocaleString())
    });
  
    // Make all links open with the browser, not with the application
    DialDesigner.main.webContents.setWindowOpenHandler(({ url }) => {
      if (url.startsWith('https:')) shell.openExternal(url)
      return { action: 'deny' }
    });

    update(DialDesigner.main);
  }

  public initialize = () => {
    try {
      app.setPath('userData', `${app.getPath('appData')}/Dial Designer`);

      app.whenReady()
        .then(this.createWindow);

      app.on('ready', this.runServer);

      app.on('window-all-closed', () => {
        DialDesigner.main = null
        if (process.platform !== 'darwin') app.quit()
      });

      app.on('second-instance', () => {
        if (DialDesigner.main) {
          if (DialDesigner.main.isMinimized()) DialDesigner.main.restore();
          DialDesigner.main.focus();
        }
      });

      app.on('activate', () => {
        const allWindows = BrowserWindow.getAllWindows()
        if (allWindows.length) allWindows[0].focus();
        else this.createWindow();
      });
    }
    catch (err) {
      dialog.showMessageBox(DialDesigner.main!, { title: 'Errore', message: `${(err as Error).stack}` });
      app.quit();
    }
  }

  public applicationMenu = (template: MenuItemConstructorOptions[]) => {
    const menu = Menu.buildFromTemplate(template);
    Menu.setApplicationMenu(menu);
  }
}