对于mariadb-server-10.3.9数据库，表'log_api'中大约有500，000行。
如果将SQL写成普通left join SQL，则需要1.44s：

SELECT a.id,
       a.client_ip,
       a.api_address,
       a.deleted,
       a.create_date,
       a.update_staff,
       a.update_date,
       a.remark,
       a.timestamp,
       a.instance,
       a.msg_data,
       c.project_name,
       d.service_name AS fw_server_name,
       e.agent_name
FROM log_api a
         LEFT JOIN wb_project c ON c.project_code = a.project_code
         LEFT JOIN fw_service d on d.service_code = a.service_code
         LEFT JOIN wb_agent e ON e.agent_code = a.agent_code
where a.deleted = 0
  and timestamp >= '2023-06-05T00:00:00'
  and timestamp
    < '2023-06-07T00:00:00'
order by timestamp desc
limit 100 offset 10000;

但如果sql写为嵌入查询sql，则只需要0.02s：

select m.id,
       m.client_ip,
       m.api_address,
       m.deleted,
       m.create_staff,
       m.update_staff,
       m.update_date,
       m.remark,
       m.timestamp,
       m.instance,
       m.msg_data,
       c.project_name,
       d.service_name AS fw_server_name,
       e.agent_name
from (SELECT a.id,
             a.custom_service_order_code,
             a.service_code,
             a.project_code,
             a.agent_code,
             a.user_name,
             a.client_ip,
             a.api_address,
             a.deleted,
             a.create_staff,
             a.create_date,
             a.update_date,
             a.remark,
             a.timestamp,
             a.instance,
             a.msg_data
      FROM log_api a
      where a.deleted = 0
        and timestamp >= '2023-06-05T00:00:00'
        and timestamp
          < '2023-06-07T00:00:00'
      order by timestamp desc
      limit 100 offset 10000) m
         LEFT JOIN wb_project c ON c.project_code = m.project_code
         LEFT JOIN fw_service d on d.service_code = m.service_code
         LEFT JOIN wb_agent e ON e.agent_code = m.agent_code

几乎所有的SQL性能调优指南都建议避免嵌入查询SQL，因为数据库引擎将有更多的变化来优化普通SQL。有没有人可以确认这是mariadb中的一个bug，或者我使用的是太旧的mariadb版本？