我用一个函数getTranslations解决了这个问题，该函数检索目录并将其与备用目录合并。然后它调用递归函数addToArray，从点分隔的键段创建一个多维数组：

function addToArray(array $keySegments, array|string $translations, string $translation) : array|string 
{
    if (count($keySegments) === 0) {
        return $translation;
    }

    if (!is_array($translations)) {
        // syntax error in yaml file - a dot inside a key name
        return $translations;
    }

    $keySegment = array_shift($keySegments);
    if (!isset($translations[$keySegment])) {
        $translations[$keySegment] = [];
    }

    $translations[$keySegment] = addToArray($keySegments, $translations[$keySegment], $translation);

    return $translations;
}

function getTranslations(Symfony\Contracts\Translation\TranslatorInterface $translator) : array
{
    // replace 'messages' with the required domain
    $catalogue = array_merge(
        $translator->getCatalogue()->getFallbackCatalogue()->all('messages'),
        $translator->getCatalogue()->all('messages')
    );
    $translations = [];
    foreach ($catalogue as $key => $translation) {
        $keySegments = explode('.', $key);
        $translations = array_merge($translations, addToArray($keySegments, $translations, $translation));
    }

    return $translations;
}

在twig模板中，我使用脚本块中的输出：

const translations = JSON.parse(`{{translations|json_encode|raw}}`);