您必须使用Expanded或Flexible小部件，让小部件根据flex值占用空间。
完整代码：-

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() => runApp(const MyApp());

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  const MyApp({Key? key}) : super(key: key);
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return const MaterialApp(
      debugShowCheckedModeBanner: false,
      home: Box(),
    );
  }
}

class Box extends StatefulWidget {
  const Box({super.key});

  @override
  State<Box> createState() => _BoxState();
}

class _BoxState extends State<Box> {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
        body: Center(
      child: Padding(
        padding: const EdgeInsets.all(20),
        child: Column(
          mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
          crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.center,
          children: [
            for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) ...[
              Row(
                children: [
                  Expanded(
                    flex: 3,
                    child: Container(
                      color: Colors.red[200],
                      height: 150,
                    ),
                  ),
                  const SizedBox(
                    width: 20,
                  ),
                  const Expanded(child: Text("Text")),
                ],
              ),
              const SizedBox(
                height: 20,
              ),
            ]
          ],
        ),
      ),
    ));
  }
}

输出：-

食物项目卡片中的行会改变其主轴对齐以进行相应调整。例如，要使它居中，请尝试下面的代码

Widget foodItemCard(BuildContext context) {
return Container(
  margin: const EdgeInsets.only(top: 10, left: 10, right: 10),
  decoration: BoxDecoration(
      borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(10), color: Colors.grey),
  child: Row(
    crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.center,
    mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
    children: [
      Padding(
        padding: const EdgeInsets.only(top: 10, left: 10, bottom: 10),
        child: Container(
          width: 150,
          height: 100,
          decoration: BoxDecoration(
              borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(10),
              color: Colors.amberAccent),
        ),
      ),
      Padding(
        padding: const EdgeInsets.only(left: 20),
        child: Column(
          crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.start,
          children: [
            Text('sampleProd'),
            sauceItemList(context),
            Text('${200} VND')
          ],
        ),
      ),
    ],
  ),
);

}
---输出为x1c 0d1x