python tkinter GUI标签定位无法居中

mlmc2os5  于 2023-06-25  发布在  Python
关注(0)|答案(4)|浏览(92)

我想把我的标题放在窗口的中心，但它似乎受到位于屏幕底部的按钮的pack()方法的影响。

我去掉底部的按钮，然后标签集中。我可以知道我应该如何修改代码吗？

# Import any required modules or libraries
from datetime import datetime
import tkinter as tk

class Window:
    def __init__(self, root):
        self.root = root
        self.root.title("Software Title")
        
        # Set window attributes
        self.root.attributes("-fullscreen", True)

        # Create a container frame
        self.container = tk.Frame(self.root)
        self.container.pack()

        # Create buttons to switch between pages
        self.button_home = tk.Button(self.root, text="Home",height= 3, width=13, command=self.show_home_page)
        self.button_home.pack(side="left", anchor= "sw")
        
        self.button_about = tk.Button(self.root, text="Page 2",height= 3, width=13, command=self.show_about_page)
        self.button_about.pack(side="left", anchor= "sw")

        self.button_contact = tk.Button(self.root, text="Page 3",height= 3, width=13, command=self.show_contact_page)
        self.button_contact.pack(side="left", anchor= "sw")

        # Create close button
        self.close_button = tk.Button(self.root, text="Close",height= 3, width=13, command=self.close_window)
        self.close_button.pack(side="right", anchor= "se")

        # Create page frames
        self.home_page_frame = tk.Frame(self.root)
        self.about_page_frame = tk.Frame(self.root)
        self.contact_page_frame = tk.Frame(self.root)

         # Create labels within each page
        self.home_page_label = tk.Label(self.home_page_frame, text="Main Page")
        self.about_page_label = tk.Label(self.about_page_frame, text="Second Page")
        self.contact_page_label = tk.Label(self.contact_page_frame, text="Third Page")

        # Create buttons within each page
        self.home_page_buttons = []
        self.about_page_buttons = []
        self.contact_page_buttons = []

        # Page 1 content
        home_page_button = tk.Button(self.home_page_frame, text="Home Page Button {i+1}")
        self.home_page_buttons.append(home_page_button)

        # Page 2 content
        about_page_button = tk.Button(self.about_page_frame, text="About Page Button {i+1}")
        self.about_page_buttons.append(about_page_button)
        
        # Page 3 content
        contact_page_button = tk.Button(self.contact_page_frame, text="Contact Page Button {i+1}")
        self.contact_page_buttons.append(contact_page_button)

        # Show the home page initially
        self.show_home_page()

    def close_window(self):
        self.root.destroy()
    
    def show_home_page(self):
        # Hide other pages
        self.about_page_frame.pack_forget()
        self.contact_page_frame.pack_forget()

        # Show the home page
        self.home_page_frame.pack()

        # Show the home page label
        self.home_page_label.pack()
        

        # Show the home page buttons
        #for button in self.home_page_buttons:
        #    button.pack()

        

    def show_about_page(self):
        # Hide other pages
        self.home_page_frame.pack_forget()
        self.contact_page_frame.pack_forget()

        # Show the about page
        self.about_page_frame.pack()

        # Show the about page label
        self.about_page_label.pack()
        

        # Show the about page buttons
        #for button in self.about_page_buttons:
        #    button.pack()

        # Hide the navigation buttons
        #self.hide_navigation_buttons()

    def show_contact_page(self):
        # Hide other pages
        self.home_page_frame.pack_forget()
        self.about_page_frame.pack_forget()

        # Show the contact page
        self.contact_page_frame.pack()

         # Show the contact page label
        self.contact_page_label.pack()

        # Show the contact page buttons
        #for button in self.contact_page_buttons:
        #    button.pack()

        # Hide the navigation buttons
        #self.hide_navigation_buttons()

    def hide_navigation_buttons(self):
        # Hide the navigation buttons
        self.button_home.pack_forget()
        self.button_about.pack_forget()
        self.button_contact.pack_forget()

    # Other methods...

# Create the main window
root = tk.Tk()

# Create an instance of the Window class
window = Window(root)

# Run the main event loop
root.mainloop()

修改后，按钮坚持在一边，即使我 Package close_button按钮的权利。

代码如下：

import tkinter as tk

class Window:
    def __init__(self, root):
        self.root = root
        self.root.title("Software Title")
        self.root.attributes("-fullscreen", True)

        # Create page frames
        self.navigator_frame = tk.Frame(self.root)
        self.navigator_frame.pack(side='bottom',anchor='sw')
        
        self.home_page_frame = tk.Frame(self.root, bg='wheat')
        self.about_page_frame = tk.Frame(self.root, bg='tan')
        self.contact_page_frame = tk.Frame(self.root, bg='tomato')

        # Create buttons to switch between pages
        self.button_home = tk.Button(self.navigator_frame, text="Home",height= 3, width=13,
                                     command=self.show_home_page)
        self.button_home.pack(side="left")
        self.button_about = tk.Button(self.navigator_frame, text="Page 2",height= 3, width=13,
                                      command=self.show_about_page)
        self.button_about.pack(side="left")
        self.button_contact = tk.Button(self.navigator_frame, text="Page 3",height= 3, width=13,
                                        command=self.show_contact_page)
        self.button_contact.pack(side="left")

        # Create close button
        self.close_button = tk.Button(self.navigator_frame, text="Close",height= 3, width=13,
                                      command=self.close_window)
        self.close_button.pack(side="right")
        

         # Create labels within each page
        self.home_page_label = tk.Label(self.home_page_frame, text="Main Page")
        self.about_page_label = tk.Label(self.about_page_frame, text="Second Page")
        self.contact_page_label = tk.Label(self.contact_page_frame, text="Third Page")

        # Show the home page initially
        self.show_home_page()

    def show_home_page(self):
        # Hide other pages
        self.about_page_frame.pack_forget()
        self.contact_page_frame.pack_forget()
        self.home_page_frame.pack(expand=True, fill='both')
        self.home_page_label.pack(expand=True)

    def show_about_page(self):
        # Hide other pages
        self.home_page_frame.pack_forget()
        self.contact_page_frame.pack_forget()
        self.about_page_frame.pack(expand=True, fill='both')
        self.about_page_label.pack(expand=True)

    def show_contact_page(self):
        # Hide other pages
        self.home_page_frame.pack_forget()
        self.about_page_frame.pack_forget()
        self.contact_page_frame.pack(expand=True, fill='both')
        self.contact_page_label.pack(expand=True)

    def close_window(self):
        self.root.destroy()

root = tk.Tk()
window = Window(root)

root.mainloop()
python-3.x

4条答案

按热度按时间
5jdjgkvh

5jdjgkvh1#

对于更新后的代码，如果你想在右侧关闭，你需要通过在self.navigator_frame.pack(...)中设置fill='x'来使底部框架填充窗口宽度：

self.navigator_frame = tk.Frame(self.root)
self.navigator_frame.pack(side='bottom', fill='x')  # expand the frame horizontally

结果：

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xienkqul

xienkqul2#

您所呈现的许多代码并没有在GUI上执行任何操作。我已经将示例中的代码精简到了最低限度。
我认为你的问题在于.pack()方法有时会给你带来令人惊讶的结果。
在我的示例中，我用.pack(expand=True, fill='both')为页面框架创建了空间，然后将标签放在中间的.pack(expand=True)处。我用不同的颜色标记了画框，以显示它们的最终位置。
看看Tkinter pack method confusion，它讨论了打包器是如何工作的。
对于复杂的GUI布局，我建议您学习.grid()函数，它更容易理解。
此外，要在应用程序中的帧之间切换，您可能需要查看Switch between two frames in tkinter?
示例代码：

import tkinter as tk

class Window:
    def __init__(self, root):
        self.root = root
        self.root.title("Software Title")
        self.root.attributes("-fullscreen", True)

        # Create buttons to switch between pages
        self.button_home = tk.Button(self.root, text="Home",height= 3, width=13,
                                     command=self.show_home_page)
        self.button_home.pack(side="left", anchor= "sw")
        self.button_about = tk.Button(self.root, text="Page 2",height= 3, width=13,
                                      command=self.show_about_page)
        self.button_about.pack(side="left", anchor= "sw")
        self.button_contact = tk.Button(self.root, text="Page 3",height= 3, width=13,
                                        command=self.show_contact_page)
        self.button_contact.pack(side="left", anchor= "sw")

        # Create close button
        self.close_button = tk.Button(self.root, text="Close",height= 3, width=13,
                                      command=self.close_window)
        self.close_button.pack(side="right", anchor= "se")

        # Create page frames
        self.home_page_frame = tk.Frame(self.root, bg='wheat')
        self.about_page_frame = tk.Frame(self.root, bg='tan')
        self.contact_page_frame = tk.Frame(self.root, bg='tomato')

         # Create labels within each page
        self.home_page_label = tk.Label(self.home_page_frame, text="Main Page")
        self.about_page_label = tk.Label(self.about_page_frame, text="Second Page")
        self.contact_page_label = tk.Label(self.contact_page_frame, text="Third Page")

        # Show the home page initially
        self.show_home_page()

    def show_home_page(self):
        # Hide other pages
        self.about_page_frame.pack_forget()
        self.contact_page_frame.pack_forget()
        self.home_page_frame.pack(expand=True, fill='both')
        self.home_page_label.pack(expand=True)

    def show_about_page(self):
        # Hide other pages
        self.home_page_frame.pack_forget()
        self.contact_page_frame.pack_forget()
        self.about_page_frame.pack(expand=True, fill='both')
        self.about_page_label.pack(expand=True)

    def show_contact_page(self):
        # Hide other pages
        self.home_page_frame.pack_forget()
        self.about_page_frame.pack_forget()
        self.contact_page_frame.pack(expand=True, fill='both')
        self.contact_page_label.pack(expand=True)

    def close_window(self):
        self.root.destroy()

root = tk.Tk()
window = Window(root)

root.mainloop()

这有帮助吗？

赞(0）分享  回复(0）举报  2023-06-25
wz3gfoph

wz3gfoph3#

pack通过填充可用空间的一侧来工作。当你打包左右的按钮时，它会减少可用空间。pack之后唯一可用的空间是按钮之间的空间。由于左边有更多的按钮，任何 Package 在顶部的东西都将被抵消。
解决方案是先打包包含标签的框架，然后再打包其他小部件。似乎您为此目的显式地创建了一个容器小部件，因为您首先创建了self.container，并且似乎没有将其用于任何其他目的。但是，您没有将其他帧放入该容器中。
因此，我猜测最简单的解决方案是通过将父帧设置为self.container而不是self.root来将其他帧移动到容器中。

# Create page frames
self.home_page_frame = tk.Frame(self.container)
self.about_page_frame = tk.Frame(self.container)
self.contact_page_frame = tk.Frame(self.container)

如果您对容器框架有其他计划，那么解决方案是为这些子框架创建另一个容器框架，并在打包按钮之前打包它。
有关封隔器工作原理的直观说明，请参见问题Tkinter pack method confusion的my answer

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ntjbwcob

ntjbwcob4#

如果我正确理解了你的问题，请更新你的pack（）方法参数如下：

def show_home_page(self):
        # Hide other pages
        self.about_page_frame.pack_forget()
        self.contact_page_frame.pack_forget()

        # Show the home page
        self.home_page_frame.pack(expand= True, fill = 'both')

        # Show the home page label
        self.home_page_label.pack(expand= True, fill = 'both')
        

        # Show the home page buttons
        #for button in self.home_page_buttons:
        #    button.pack()
赞(0）分享  回复(0）举报  2023-06-25
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