如果你想使用dog_id访问数据，最好使用嵌套字典。

intake = int(input("Enter the number of dogs to intake:"))
Dogs={}
for i in range(0,intake):
    name = input("Name of dog: ")
    age = int(input("Age of dog: "))
    breed = input("Breed of dog: ")
    dog_id = input("Dog ID: ")
    Dogs[dog_id]={'name':name,'age':age,'breed':breed}

#To get a list of all the IDs, you could use Dogs.keys()

print(Dogs[<enter the dog ID here>]['name'])

您可以使用ID访问任何名称或品种或年龄。（记住ID应该用引号括起来，因为它是一个字符串，如果在获取dog_id的输入时使用int（），则不必这样做）
要更改值，可以执行以下操作

Dogs[enter the dog ID here]['name' or 'age' or 'breed']= enter the new value

对于像这样的行为，你需要在Dog类上插入__str__方法，你还必须逐个打印dogs，或者在每个dogs上调用str（dog

class Dog:
    def __init__(self, name, age, breed, id):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age
        self.breed = breed
        self.id = id
    
    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.id}"

dogs = []

intake = 2

for i in range(0, int(intake)):
    name = input("Name of dog: ")
    age = input("Age of dog: ")
    breed = input("Breed of dog: ")
    dog_id = input("Dog ID: ")
    dogs.append(Dog(name, age, breed, dog_id))

for dog in dogs:
    print(dog)

print([str(dog) for dog in dogs])