我正在寻找一种方法来输入的日期在格式的XX/XX在C++,但我不确定如何

xmq68pz9  于 2023-07-01  发布在  其他
关注(0)|答案(3)|浏览(151)

我是C++的初学者,我试图提示用户以XX/XX格式输入月份和年份,并打印所写的日期,日期和季节。虽然,我不知道如何在一行中输入特定格式XX/XX的值。例如,01/22表示1月22日。另外,我使用了switch语句,因为它是我正在研究的章节的重点,所以我想保持这种方式。

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
    int month, day;
    
    cout << "Enter the date in XX/XX: \n";
    cin >> month;// Using a "space bar" instead of "enter" prevents the new line in cin
    cout << "/";
    cin >> day;
    
    switch (month)
    { // The integers don't accept the single quotes '1'
        case 1: cout << "The date entered is January " << day << ". The season is winter.\n0"; break;
        case 2: cout << "The date entered is February " << day << ". The season is spring.\n"; break;
        case 3: cout << "The date entered is March " << day << ". The season is spring.\n"; break;
        case 4: cout << "The date entered is April " << day << ". The season is spring.\n"; break;
        case 5: cout << "The date entered is May " << day << ". The season is spring.\n"; break;
        case 6: cout << "The date entered is June " << day << ". The season is summer.\n"; break;
        case 7: cout << "The date entered is July " << day << ". The season is summer.\n"; break;
        case 8: cout << "The date entered is August " << day << ". The season is summer.\n"; break;
        case 9: cout << "The date entered is September " << day << ". The season is fall.\n"; break;
        case 10: cout << "The date entered is October " << day << ". The season is fall.\n"; break;
        case 11: cout << "The date entered is November " << day << ". The season is winter.\n"; break;
        case 12: cout << "The date entered is December " << day << ". The season is winter.\n"; break;
        default: cout << "The input is invalid.\n" << endl; break;
    }
    
    return 0;
}

我试着写cin >> month >> day;,但我没有收到我想要的格式输入,我想要的,01/22。我也试过

cin >> month;
cout << "/";'
cin >> day;

但这需要我按回车键,然后它创建了一个新行。

72qzrwbm

72qzrwbm1#

标准库有一个名为std::get_time的I/O操作器,专门用于阅读这样的日期和时间。还有一个匹配的std::put_time用于打印日期和时间。要像这样获取月份和日期,您可以使用以下命令:

#include <ctime>
#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>

int main() {
    std::tm input{};

    std::cout << "Please enter month and day as XX/XX: ";
    std::cin >> std::get_time(&input, "%m/%d");

    std::cout << std::put_time(&input, "The date entered is %B\n");
}

运行此命令,我输入:03/22作为输入,得到:

The date entered is March

作为输出。
输入日期后,月份将以整数形式存储在input.tm_mon中,月份的日期将以整数形式存储在input.tm_mday中。正如您所看到的,它已经有了将月份数字转换为名称的代码(以及读取月份名称)。月份名称也是本地化的,因此您可以设置以指定的语言显示月份名称,或者半自动地使用用户首选的语言(但翻译字符串的其余部分取决于您)。

83qze16e

83qze16e2#

C++20答案:

#include <chrono>
#include <format>
#include <iostream>

int main()
{
    std::chrono::year_month_day ymd;
    std::istringstream is{ "6/2023" };

    is >> std::chrono::parse("%m/%Y", ymd);

    std::cout << std::format("Year = {}\n", ymd.year());
    std::cout << std::format("Month = {}\n", ymd.month());

    return 0;
}
qlckcl4x

qlckcl4x3#

最简单的方法就是

int month, day;
char slash;
cin >> month >> slash >> day;

slash变量读取输入中的斜杠字符。
现在这个方法不做任何错误检查,但似乎是初学者的最佳选择。
更复杂的方法是将输入作为字符串读取,然后解析所述字符串或重复中建议的方法。

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