或多或少与@AllanCameron的答案相同，但使用他（和@teunbrand）的geomtextpath包通过一个geom添加片段和标签，此外还提供了一种方便的方法来居中标签：

library(ggplot2)
library(geomtextpath)

df$id <- seq(nrow(df))

ggplot(df) +
  geom_textsegment(
    aes(
      x = debut, xend = fin, y = id, yend = id,
      label = event, linewidth = n, color = color
    ),
    textcolour = "black", 
    gap = FALSE,
    show.legend = FALSE
  ) +
  scale_color_identity() +
  scale_y_reverse() +
  scale_linewidth_continuous(range = c(5, 10)) +
  guides(linewidth = "none") +
  theme_bw() +
  theme(
    axis.text.y = element_blank(),
    axis.ticks.y = element_blank()
  ) +
  labs(x = NULL, y = NULL)

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此外，它还提供了很多选项来设置标签的样式，例如：有一个gap参数来“断开”标签的段：

geom_textsegment(
    aes(
      x = debut, xend = fin, y = id, yend = id,
      label = event, linewidth = n, color = color
    ),
    textcolour = "black", 
    gap = TRUE,
    show.legend = FALSE
 )

型

的

这个看起来会好些。

df <- df[nrow(df):1, ]  ## reverse df
s <- sapply(df[1:2], \(x) as.Date(paste(x, '0101'), '%Y %m %d'))  ## convert columns to numeric date
ds <- do.call('seq.Date', c(as.list(as.Date(range(s))), '6 months'))  ## get dates for x-axis
hlfw <- (df$n) + 1  ## get half-widths of the bars
ys <- (cumsum(hlfw*2) - hlfw) + seq_along(hlfw)  ## get y values
plot.new(); plot.window(range(s), c(0, max(ys + hlfw))); box()  ## plot the thing ...
abline(v=ds, col=8, lty=3)
clr <- rainbow(length(hlfw), .7, .85, end=c(.25), rev=TRUE)
rect(s[, 1], ys - hlfw, s[, 2], ys + hlfw, col=clr, border=clr)
text(rowMeans(s), ys, paste('n =', df$n), cex=.8)
axis(1, at=as.numeric(ds), labels=strftime(ds, '%b %Y'))

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请注意，我不需要 event 和 color 列，也没有使用额外的包。

• 数据：*

df <- data.frame(debut=c(rep(2010, 3), rep(2011, 2), 2012), 
                 fin=c(2011, 2012, 2013, 2012, 2013, 2013), 
                 n=c(3, 1, 2, 6, 7, 5)
                 # , event=paste("n =", c(3, 1, 2, 6, 7, 5), sep=" "), 
                 # color=c("#D73027", "#F46D43", "#FDAE61", "#FEE08B", "#D9EF8B", "#A6D96A")
                 )

型

你可以使用ggplot。只需使用n控制linewidth美学来绘制线段。

library(ggplot2)

ggplot(df, aes(debut, -seq_along(debut), color = color)) +
  geom_segment(aes(xend = fin, yend = -seq_along(debut), linewidth = n)) +
  geom_text(aes(label = event), color = "black", nudge_x = 10, 
            hjust = 0, size = 8) +
  scale_linewidth_continuous(range = c(10, 30), guide = "none") +
  scale_y_continuous(NULL, expand = c(0.2, 0)) +
  scale_color_identity() +
  theme_bw(base_size = 24) +
  theme(axis.text.y = element_blank(), 
        axis.ticks.y = element_blank(),
        panel.grid.major.y = element_blank(),
        panel.grid.minor.y = element_blank())

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的数据