样本数据

arrays1 = [['country1','country1','country1','country1','country2', 'country2', 'country2', 'country2'],
           [2000, 2001, 2000, 2001,2000, 2001, 2000, 2001],
           ['agri1','agri1', 'cons2','cons2', 'agri1','agri1', 'cons2','cons2']]
arrays = [['country1', 'country1', 'country2', 'country2'],
          ['agri1', 'cons2', 'agri1', 'cons2']]
index = pd.MultiIndex.from_arrays(arrays1, names=('country','Year','sector'))
columns1 = pd.MultiIndex.from_arrays(arrays, names=('country','sector'))
df = pd.DataFrame(np.array([[24, 20, 30, 20],[16, 14, 10, 25],[28, 22, 6, 28],
                   [11, 10, 10, 4],[6, 7, 12, 16],[19, 24, 6, 9],
                   [22, 9, 10, 15],[9, 1, 4, 2]]),index=index, columns=columns1)

个字符
感谢Shubham Sharma回答multiindex column and rows match if the column and row names are similar and exclude the values from adding in those cell python pandas，我能够得到标记为总的列。其简单地是排除匹配的第一级行索引和第零级列索引的水平求和。

#to match the same countries from index and column then exclude the matching cell from addition
ix = df.index.get_level_values(1) 
cx = df.columns.get_level_values(0)
m = ix.values[:, None] == cx.values

df[('TOTAL','EX')] = df.mask(m).sum(axis=1)
df[('TOTAL','GR')] = df.iloc[:,:-1].sum(axis=1)

x

resulting df

Country  country1    country2  TOTAL 
               Sector    A   B       A   B    EX    GR
Year    country sector                      
2000    country1    A   24  20      30  20   50.0   94
                    B   16  14      10  25   35.0   65
        country2    A   28  22      6   28   50.0   84
                    B   11  10      10  4    21.0   35
2001    country1    A   6   7       12  16   28.0   41
                    B   19  24      6   9    15.0   58
        country2    A   22  9       10  15   31.0   56
                    B   9   1       4   2    10.0   16

的一种或多种
现在我想继续，沿着列（轴=1）使用元素划分。
第一个月
这给了我ValueError：无法强制到系列，长度必须为4：给定8，这是因为它没有考虑年份指数。但如果只有一年，这个结果会很好地给我预期的结果。但我想每年都做考虑到水平。我希望最终的df看起来像什么

Country      country1       country2         TOTAL   
               Sector      A        B        A      B         EX    GR
Year    country sector                      
2000    country1    A   24/94   20/65      30/84    20/35    50.0   94
                    B   16/94   14/65      10/84    25/35    35.0   65
        country2    A   28/94   22/65       6/84    28/35    50.0   84
                    B   11/94   10/65      10/84    4/35     21.0   35
2001    country1    A   6/41    7/58       12/56    16/16    28.0   41
                    B   19/41   24/58       6/56    9/16     15.0   58
        country2    A   22/41   9/58       10/56    15/16    31.0   56
                    B   9/41    1/58        4/56    2/16    10.0    16```

型
我看过df.div的文档，并试图在元素划分的同时包含1级按年分组，但是出现了同样的错误

df.iloc[:,:-2] = df.iloc[:,:-2].div(df[('TOTAL','GR')].values,axis=1, level=1)

型
ValueError：无法强制到系列，长度必须为4：给8也许我做的整件事都不对，所以我接受任何轻松的工作周围的建议