假设您的cDate是dd-mm-yyyy，那么我建议使用这个简化的脚本

const formatDate = d => d.toJSON().slice(0, 10).split('-').reverse().join('-')

const getDates = dText => {
  let initialStartDate = dText.match(/\d{2}-\d{2}-\d{4}/)[0]; // no validation
  const [dd, mm, yyyy] = initialStartDate.split("-");
  let initialEndDate = new Date(yyyy, mm, dd, 15, 0, 0, 0); // not subtracting 1 from the 0 based month gives us next month - ignoring the fact that 31st of Feb will be 2 or 3rd of March
  return {
    startDate: initialStartDate,
    endDate: formatDate(initialEndDate)
  }
};
let dateStrings = getDates("16-04-2023");
$("#startDateF").text(dateStrings.startDate); // change to data() after testing
$("#endDateF").text(dateStrings.endDate);

// test to show the rollover:
dateStrings = getDates("31-01-2020");
console.log(dateStrings)

dateStrings = getDates("31-02-2020"); // this is an invalid date, we do not handle that in the above script
console.log(dateStrings)

个字符

除了解析initialStartDate变量时，您的代码没有任何问题。JavaScript中的Date构造函数不直接接受格式为'dd-mm-yyyy'的日期字符串。要从自定义日期字符串创建Date对象，您需要解析单独的日、月和年组件，并将它们作为参数以适当的顺序传递给构造函数。
基本上你可以加上这个

var day = parseInt(cDate.split('-')[0], 10);
var month = parseInt(cDate.split('-')[1], 10);
var year = parseInt(cDate.split('-')[2], 10);

let initialStartDate = new Date(year, month, day);

字符串
并且会很好的工作
这里是完整的代码tho

var cDate = dText.match(/\d{2}-\d{2}-\d{4}/)[0];
console.log(cDate);
var day = parseInt(cDate.split('-')[0], 10);
var month = parseInt(cDate.split('-')[1], 10);
var year = parseInt(cDate.split('-')[2], 10);

let initialStartDate = new Date(year, month, day);

let initialEndDate = new Date(initialStartDate.getFullYear(), initialStartDate.getMonth() + 1, initialStartDate.getDate());

startDateString = formatDate(initialStartDate);
endDateString = formatDate(initialEndDate);
$("#startDateF").data("initialValue", startDateString);
$("#endDateF").data("initialValue", endDateString);
function formatDate(date) {
    let day = ("0" + date.getDate()).slice(-2);
    let month = ("0" + (date.getMonth() + 1)).slice(-2);
    let year = date.getFullYear();
    return day + "-" + month + "-" + year;
}

型
希望有帮助：D