(cheeses & foods).empty?

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正如Marc-André Lafortune在评论中所说，&在线性时间内工作，而any? + include?将是二次的。对于较大的数据集，线性时间将更快。对于小数据集，any? + include?可能更快，如Lee Jarvis的答案所示-可能是因为&分配了一个新的Array，而另一个解决方案没有，并且作为一个简单的嵌套循环返回布尔值。

如何使用Enumerable#any？

>> cheeses = %w(chedder stilton brie mozzarella feta haloumi)
=> ["chedder", "stilton", "brie", "mozzarella", "feta", "haloumi"]
>> foods = %w(pizza feta foods bread biscuits yoghurt bacon)
=> ["pizza", "feta", "foods", "bread", "biscuits", "yoghurt", "bacon"]
>> foods.any? {|food| cheeses.include?(food) }
=> true

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基准脚本：

require "benchmark"
N = 1_000_000
puts "ruby version: #{RUBY_VERSION}"

CHEESES = %w(chedder stilton brie mozzarella feta haloumi).freeze
FOODS = %w(pizza feta foods bread biscuits yoghurt bacon).freeze

Benchmark.bm(15) do |b|
  b.report("&, empty?") { N.times { (FOODS & CHEESES).empty? } }
  b.report("any?, include?") { N.times { FOODS.any? {|food| CHEESES.include?(food) } } }
end

型
测试结果：

ruby version: 2.1.9
                      user     system      total        real
&, empty?         1.170000   0.000000   1.170000 (  1.172507)
any?, include?    0.660000   0.000000   0.660000 (  0.666015)

型

您可以检查交叉点是否为空。

cheeses = %w(chedder stilton brie mozzarella feta haloumi)
foods = %w(pizza feta foods bread biscuits yoghurt bacon)
foods & cheeses
=> ["feta"] 
(foods & cheeses).empty?
=> false

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require "benchmark"
N = 1_000_000
puts "ruby version: #{RUBY_VERSION}"

CHEESES = %w(chedder stilton brie mozzarella feta haloumi).freeze
FOODS = %w(pizza feta foods bread biscuits yoghurt bacon).freeze

Benchmark.bm(15) do |b|
  b.report("&, empty?") { N.times { (FOODS & CHEESES).empty? } }  
  b.report("any?, include?") { N.times { FOODS.any? {|food| CHEESES.include?(food) } } }  
  b.report("disjoint?") { N.times { FOODS.to_set.disjoint? CHEESES.to_set }}
end  
                      user     system      total        real
&, empty?         0.751068   0.000571   0.751639 (  0.752745)
any?, include?    0.408251   0.000133   0.408384 (  0.408438)
disjoint?        11.616006   0.014806  11.630812 ( 11.637300)

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Set.new(cheeses).disjoint? Set.new(foods)

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你可以使用intersect?，因为ruby 3.1**

foods.intersect?(cheeses)

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