regex 替换字符串中的多个字符，最快的方法是什么？

snvhrwxg  于 2023-08-08  发布在  其他
关注(0)|答案(8)|浏览(93)

我正在将一些带有多个string字段的记录从旧数据库导入到新数据库。它看起来很慢，我怀疑这是因为我这样做：

foreach (var oldObj in oldDB)
{
    NewObject newObj = new NewObject();
    newObj.Name = oldObj.Name.Trim().Replace('^', 'Č').Replace('@', 'Ž').Replace('[', 'Š')
        .Replace(']', 'Ć').Replace('`', 'ž').Replace('}', 'ć')
        .Replace('~', 'č').Replace('{', 'š').Replace('\\', 'Đ');
    newObj.Surname = oldObj.Surname.Trim().Replace('^', 'Č').Replace('@', 'Ž').Replace('[', 'Š')
        .Replace(']', 'Ć').Replace('`', 'ž').Replace('}', 'ć')
        .Replace('~', 'č').Replace('{', 'š').Replace('\\', 'Đ');
    newObj.Address = oldObj.Address.Trim().Replace('^', 'Č').Replace('@', 'Ž').Replace('[', 'Š')
        .Replace(']', 'Ć').Replace('`', 'ž').Replace('}', 'ć')
        .Replace('~', 'č').Replace('{', 'š').Replace('\\', 'Đ');
    newObj.Note = oldObj.Note.Trim().Replace('^', 'Č').Replace('@', 'Ž').Replace('[', 'Š')
        .Replace(']', 'Ć').Replace('`', 'ž').Replace('}', 'ć')
        .Replace('~', 'č').Replace('{', 'š').Replace('\\', 'Đ');
    /*
    ... some processing ...
    */
}

字符串
现在，我通过网络阅读了一些帖子和文章，在那里我看到了许多关于这一点的不同想法。有些人说如果我用MatchEvaluator来做正则表达式会更好，有些人说最好让它保持原样。
虽然我自己做一个基准案例可能会更容易，但我决定在这里问一个问题，以防其他人也想知道同样的问题，或者有人提前知道。
那么在C#中最快的方法是什么呢？

  • 编辑 *

我在这里发布了基准。乍一看，理查德的方法可能是最快的。然而，他的方式，也不是Marc的方式，会因为错误的Regex模式而做任何事情。在将图案从

@"\^@\[\]`\}~\{\\"

型
至

@"\^|@|\[|\]|`|\}|~|\{|\\"

型
看起来好像chained.Replace（）调用的老方法是最快的

regex

8条答案

按热度按时间
xxe27gdn

xxe27gdn1#

谢谢你们的输入。我写了一个快速和肮脏的基准测试你的输入。我已经测试了解析4个字符串，迭代了500.000次，并完成了4遍。结果如下：

*** Pass 1
Old (Chained String.Replace()) way completed in 814 ms
logicnp (ToCharArray) way completed in 916 ms
oleksii (StringBuilder) way completed in 943 ms
André Christoffer Andersen (Lambda w/ Aggregate) way completed in 2551 ms
Richard (Regex w/ MatchEvaluator) way completed in 215 ms
Marc Gravell (Static Regex) way completed in 1008 ms

*** Pass 2
Old (Chained String.Replace()) way completed in 786 ms
logicnp (ToCharArray) way completed in 920 ms
oleksii (StringBuilder) way completed in 905 ms
André Christoffer Andersen (Lambda w/ Aggregate) way completed in 2515 ms
Richard (Regex w/ MatchEvaluator) way completed in 217 ms
Marc Gravell (Static Regex) way completed in 1025 ms

*** Pass 3
Old (Chained String.Replace()) way completed in 775 ms
logicnp (ToCharArray) way completed in 903 ms
oleksii (StringBuilder) way completed in 931 ms
André Christoffer Andersen (Lambda w/ Aggregate) way completed in 2529 ms
Richard (Regex w/ MatchEvaluator) way completed in 214 ms
Marc Gravell (Static Regex) way completed in 1022 ms

*** Pass 4
Old (Chained String.Replace()) way completed in 799 ms
logicnp (ToCharArray) way completed in 908 ms
oleksii (StringBuilder) way completed in 938 ms
André Christoffer Andersen (Lambda w/ Aggregate) way completed in 2592 ms
Richard (Regex w/ MatchEvaluator) way completed in 225 ms
Marc Gravell (Static Regex) way completed in 1050 ms

字符串
这个基准的代码如下。请检查代码并确认@Richard得到了最快的方法。请注意，我没有检查输出是否正确，我假设它们是正确的。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;

namespace StringReplaceTest
{
    class Program
    {
        static string test1 = "A^@[BCD";
        static string test2 = "E]FGH\\";
        static string test3 = "ijk`l}m";
        static string test4 = "nopq~{r";

        static readonly Dictionary<char, string> repl =
            new Dictionary<char, string> 
            { 
                {'^', "Č"}, {'@', "Ž"}, {'[', "Š"}, {']', "Ć"}, {'`', "ž"}, {'}', "ć"}, {'~', "č"}, {'{', "š"}, {'\\', "Đ"} 
            };

        static readonly Regex replaceRegex;

        static Program() // static initializer 
        {
            StringBuilder pattern = new StringBuilder().Append('[');
            foreach (var key in repl.Keys)
                pattern.Append(Regex.Escape(key.ToString()));
            pattern.Append(']');
            replaceRegex = new Regex(pattern.ToString(), RegexOptions.Compiled);
        }

        public static string Sanitize(string input)
        {
            return replaceRegex.Replace(input, match =>
            {
                return repl[match.Value[0]];
            });
        } 

        static string DoGeneralReplace(string input) 
        { 
            var sb = new StringBuilder(input);
            return sb.Replace('^', 'Č').Replace('@', 'Ž').Replace('[', 'Š').Replace(']', 'Ć').Replace('`', 'ž').Replace('}', 'ć').Replace('~', 'č').Replace('{', 'š').Replace('\\', 'Đ').ToString(); 
        }

        //Method for replacing chars with a mapping 
        static string Replace(string input, IDictionary<char, char> replacementMap)
        {
            return replacementMap.Keys
                .Aggregate(input, (current, oldChar)
                    => current.Replace(oldChar, replacementMap[oldChar]));
        } 

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            for (int i = 1; i < 5; i++)
                DoIt(i);
        }

        static void DoIt(int n)
        {
            Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();
            int idx = 0;

            Console.WriteLine("*** Pass " + n.ToString());
            // old way
            sw.Start();
            for (idx = 0; idx < 500000; idx++)
            {
                string result1 = test1.Replace('^', 'Č').Replace('@', 'Ž').Replace('[', 'Š').Replace(']', 'Ć').Replace('`', 'ž').Replace('}', 'ć').Replace('~', 'č').Replace('{', 'š').Replace('\\', 'Đ');
                string result2 = test2.Replace('^', 'Č').Replace('@', 'Ž').Replace('[', 'Š').Replace(']', 'Ć').Replace('`', 'ž').Replace('}', 'ć').Replace('~', 'č').Replace('{', 'š').Replace('\\', 'Đ');
                string result3 = test3.Replace('^', 'Č').Replace('@', 'Ž').Replace('[', 'Š').Replace(']', 'Ć').Replace('`', 'ž').Replace('}', 'ć').Replace('~', 'č').Replace('{', 'š').Replace('\\', 'Đ');
                string result4 = test4.Replace('^', 'Č').Replace('@', 'Ž').Replace('[', 'Š').Replace(']', 'Ć').Replace('`', 'ž').Replace('}', 'ć').Replace('~', 'č').Replace('{', 'š').Replace('\\', 'Đ');
            }
            sw.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("Old (Chained String.Replace()) way completed in " + sw.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString() + " ms");

            Dictionary<char, char> replacements = new Dictionary<char, char>();
            replacements.Add('^', 'Č');
            replacements.Add('@', 'Ž');
            replacements.Add('[', 'Š');
            replacements.Add(']', 'Ć');
            replacements.Add('`', 'ž');
            replacements.Add('}', 'ć');
            replacements.Add('~', 'č');
            replacements.Add('{', 'š');
            replacements.Add('\\', 'Đ');

            // logicnp way
            sw.Reset();
            sw.Start();
            for (idx = 0; idx < 500000; idx++)
            {
                char[] charArray1 = test1.ToCharArray();
                for (int i = 0; i < charArray1.Length; i++)
                {
                    char newChar;
                    if (replacements.TryGetValue(test1[i], out newChar))
                        charArray1[i] = newChar;
                }
                string result1 = new string(charArray1);

                char[] charArray2 = test2.ToCharArray();
                for (int i = 0; i < charArray2.Length; i++)
                {
                    char newChar;
                    if (replacements.TryGetValue(test2[i], out newChar))
                        charArray2[i] = newChar;
                }
                string result2 = new string(charArray2);

                char[] charArray3 = test3.ToCharArray();
                for (int i = 0; i < charArray3.Length; i++)
                {
                    char newChar;
                    if (replacements.TryGetValue(test3[i], out newChar))
                        charArray3[i] = newChar;
                }
                string result3 = new string(charArray3);

                char[] charArray4 = test4.ToCharArray();
                for (int i = 0; i < charArray4.Length; i++)
                {
                    char newChar;
                    if (replacements.TryGetValue(test4[i], out newChar))
                        charArray4[i] = newChar;
                }
                string result4 = new string(charArray4);
            }
            sw.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("logicnp (ToCharArray) way completed in " + sw.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString() + " ms");

            // oleksii way
            sw.Reset();
            sw.Start();
            for (idx = 0; idx < 500000; idx++)
            {
                string result1 = DoGeneralReplace(test1);
                string result2 = DoGeneralReplace(test2);
                string result3 = DoGeneralReplace(test3);
                string result4 = DoGeneralReplace(test4);
            }
            sw.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("oleksii (StringBuilder) way completed in " + sw.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString() + " ms");

            // André Christoffer Andersen way
            sw.Reset();
            sw.Start();
            for (idx = 0; idx < 500000; idx++)
            {
                string result1 = Replace(test1, replacements);
                string result2 = Replace(test2, replacements);
                string result3 = Replace(test3, replacements);
                string result4 = Replace(test4, replacements);
            }
            sw.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("André Christoffer Andersen (Lambda w/ Aggregate) way completed in " + sw.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString() + " ms");

            // Richard way
            sw.Reset();
            sw.Start();
            Regex reg = new Regex(@"\^|@|\[|\]|`|\}|~|\{|\\");
            MatchEvaluator eval = match =>
            {
                switch (match.Value)
                {
                    case "^": return "Č";
                    case "@": return "Ž";
                    case "[": return "Š";
                    case "]": return "Ć";
                    case "`": return "ž";
                    case "}": return "ć";
                    case "~": return "č";
                    case "{": return "š";
                    case "\\": return "Đ";
                    default: throw new Exception("Unexpected match!");
                }
            };
            for (idx = 0; idx < 500000; idx++)
            {
                string result1 = reg.Replace(test1, eval);
                string result2 = reg.Replace(test2, eval);
                string result3 = reg.Replace(test3, eval);
                string result4 = reg.Replace(test4, eval);
            }
            sw.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("Richard (Regex w/ MatchEvaluator) way completed in " + sw.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString() + " ms");

            // Marc Gravell way
            sw.Reset();
            sw.Start();
            for (idx = 0; idx < 500000; idx++)
            {
                string result1 = Sanitize(test1);
                string result2 = Sanitize(test2);
                string result3 = Sanitize(test3);
                string result4 = Sanitize(test4);
            }
            sw.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("Marc Gravell (Static Regex) way completed in " + sw.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString() + " ms\n");
        }
    }
}

型

编辑2020年6月

由于这个Q&A仍然有点击率，我想用来自user 1664043的额外输入更新它，使用StringBuilder w/ IndexOfAny，这次使用.NET Core 3.1编译，下面是结果：

*** Pass 1
Old (Chained String.Replace()) way completed in 199 ms
logicnp (ToCharArray) way completed in 296 ms
oleksii (StringBuilder) way completed in 416 ms
André Christoffer Andersen (Lambda w/ Aggregate) way completed in 870 ms
Richard (Regex w/ MatchEvaluator) way completed in 1722 ms
Marc Gravell (Static Regex) way completed in 395 ms
user1664043 (StringBuilder w/ IndexOfAny) way completed in 459 ms

*** Pass 2
Old (Chained String.Replace()) way completed in 215 ms
logicnp (ToCharArray) way completed in 239 ms
oleksii (StringBuilder) way completed in 341 ms
André Christoffer Andersen (Lambda w/ Aggregate) way completed in 758 ms
Richard (Regex w/ MatchEvaluator) way completed in 1591 ms
Marc Gravell (Static Regex) way completed in 354 ms
user1664043 (StringBuilder w/ IndexOfAny) way completed in 426 ms

*** Pass 3
Old (Chained String.Replace()) way completed in 199 ms
logicnp (ToCharArray) way completed in 265 ms
oleksii (StringBuilder) way completed in 337 ms
André Christoffer Andersen (Lambda w/ Aggregate) way completed in 817 ms
Richard (Regex w/ MatchEvaluator) way completed in 1666 ms
Marc Gravell (Static Regex) way completed in 373 ms
user1664043 (StringBuilder w/ IndexOfAny) way completed in 412 ms

*** Pass 4
Old (Chained String.Replace()) way completed in 199 ms
logicnp (ToCharArray) way completed in 230 ms
oleksii (StringBuilder) way completed in 324 ms
André Christoffer Andersen (Lambda w/ Aggregate) way completed in 791 ms
Richard (Regex w/ MatchEvaluator) way completed in 1699 ms
Marc Gravell (Static Regex) way completed in 359 ms
user1664043 (StringBuilder w/ IndexOfAny) way completed in 413 ms

型
更新的代码：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;

namespace Test.StringReplace
{
    class Program
    {
        static string test1 = "A^@[BCD";
        static string test2 = "E]FGH\\";
        static string test3 = "ijk`l}m";
        static string test4 = "nopq~{r";

        static readonly Dictionary<char, string> repl =
            new Dictionary<char, string>
            {
                {'^', "Č"}, {'@', "Ž"}, {'[', "Š"}, {']', "Ć"}, {'`', "ž"}, {'}', "ć"}, {'~', "č"}, {'{', "š"}, {'\\', "Đ"}
            };

        static readonly Regex replaceRegex;

        static readonly char[] badChars = new char[] { '^', '@', '[', ']', '`', '}', '~', '{', '\\' };

        static readonly char[] replacementChars = new char[] { 'Č', 'Ž', 'Š', 'Ć', 'ž', 'ć', 'č', 'š', 'Đ' };

        static Program() // static initializer 
        {
            StringBuilder pattern = new StringBuilder().Append('[');
            foreach (var key in repl.Keys)
                pattern.Append(Regex.Escape(key.ToString()));
            pattern.Append(']');
            replaceRegex = new Regex(pattern.ToString(), RegexOptions.Compiled);
        }

        public static string Sanitize(string input)
        {
            return replaceRegex.Replace(input, match =>
            {
                return repl[match.Value[0]];
            });
        }

        static string DoGeneralReplace(string input)
        {
            var sb = new StringBuilder(input);
            return sb.Replace('^', 'Č').Replace('@', 'Ž').Replace('[', 'Š').Replace(']', 'Ć').Replace('`', 'ž').Replace('}', 'ć').Replace('~', 'č').Replace('{', 'š').Replace('\\', 'Đ').ToString();
        }

        //Method for replacing chars with a mapping 
        static string Replace(string input, IDictionary<char, char> replacementMap)
        {
            return replacementMap.Keys
                .Aggregate(input, (current, oldChar)
                    => current.Replace(oldChar, replacementMap[oldChar]));
        }

        static string ReplaceCharsWithIndexOfAny(string sIn)
        {
            int replChar = sIn.IndexOfAny(badChars);
            if (replChar < 0)
                return sIn;

            // Don't even bother making a copy unless you know you have something to swap
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(sIn, 0, replChar, sIn.Length + 10);
            while (replChar >= 0 && replChar < sIn.Length)
            {
                var c = replacementChars[replChar];
                sb.Append(c);

                ////// This approach lets you swap a char for a string or to remove some
                ////// If you had a straight char for char swap, you could just have your repl chars in an array with the same ordinals and do it all in 2 lines matching the ordinals.
                ////c = c switch
                ////{
                ////    ////case "^":
                ////    ////    c = "Č";
                ////    ////    ...
                ////    '\ufeff' => null,
                ////    _ => replacementChars[replChar],
                ////};

                ////if (c != null)
                ////{
                ////    sb.Append(c);
                ////}

                replChar++; // skip over what we just replaced
                if (replChar < sIn.Length)
                {
                    int nextRepChar = sIn.IndexOfAny(badChars, replChar);
                    sb.Append(sIn, replChar, (nextRepChar > 0 ? nextRepChar : sIn.Length) - replChar);
                    replChar = nextRepChar;
                }
            }

            return sb.ToString();
        }

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            for (int i = 1; i < 5; i++)
                DoIt(i);
        }

        static void DoIt(int n)
        {
            Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();
            int idx = 0;

            Console.WriteLine("*** Pass " + n.ToString());
            // old way
            sw.Start();
            for (idx = 0; idx < 500000; idx++)
            {
                string result1 = test1.Replace('^', 'Č').Replace('@', 'Ž').Replace('[', 'Š').Replace(']', 'Ć').Replace('`', 'ž').Replace('}', 'ć').Replace('~', 'č').Replace('{', 'š').Replace('\\', 'Đ');
                string result2 = test2.Replace('^', 'Č').Replace('@', 'Ž').Replace('[', 'Š').Replace(']', 'Ć').Replace('`', 'ž').Replace('}', 'ć').Replace('~', 'č').Replace('{', 'š').Replace('\\', 'Đ');
                string result3 = test3.Replace('^', 'Č').Replace('@', 'Ž').Replace('[', 'Š').Replace(']', 'Ć').Replace('`', 'ž').Replace('}', 'ć').Replace('~', 'č').Replace('{', 'š').Replace('\\', 'Đ');
                string result4 = test4.Replace('^', 'Č').Replace('@', 'Ž').Replace('[', 'Š').Replace(']', 'Ć').Replace('`', 'ž').Replace('}', 'ć').Replace('~', 'č').Replace('{', 'š').Replace('\\', 'Đ');
            }

            sw.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("Old (Chained String.Replace()) way completed in " + sw.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString() + " ms");

            Dictionary<char, char> replacements = new Dictionary<char, char>();
            replacements.Add('^', 'Č');
            replacements.Add('@', 'Ž');
            replacements.Add('[', 'Š');
            replacements.Add(']', 'Ć');
            replacements.Add('`', 'ž');
            replacements.Add('}', 'ć');
            replacements.Add('~', 'č');
            replacements.Add('{', 'š');
            replacements.Add('\\', 'Đ');

            // logicnp way
            sw.Reset();
            sw.Start();
            for (idx = 0; idx < 500000; idx++)
            {
                char[] charArray1 = test1.ToCharArray();
                for (int i = 0; i < charArray1.Length; i++)
                {
                    char newChar;
                    if (replacements.TryGetValue(test1[i], out newChar))
                        charArray1[i] = newChar;
                }

                string result1 = new string(charArray1);

                char[] charArray2 = test2.ToCharArray();
                for (int i = 0; i < charArray2.Length; i++)
                {
                    char newChar;
                    if (replacements.TryGetValue(test2[i], out newChar))
                        charArray2[i] = newChar;
                }

                string result2 = new string(charArray2);

                char[] charArray3 = test3.ToCharArray();
                for (int i = 0; i < charArray3.Length; i++)
                {
                    char newChar;
                    if (replacements.TryGetValue(test3[i], out newChar))
                        charArray3[i] = newChar;
                }

                string result3 = new string(charArray3);

                char[] charArray4 = test4.ToCharArray();
                for (int i = 0; i < charArray4.Length; i++)
                {
                    char newChar;
                    if (replacements.TryGetValue(test4[i], out newChar))
                        charArray4[i] = newChar;
                }

                string result4 = new string(charArray4);
            }

            sw.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("logicnp (ToCharArray) way completed in " + sw.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString() + " ms");

            // oleksii way
            sw.Reset();
            sw.Start();
            for (idx = 0; idx < 500000; idx++)
            {
                string result1 = DoGeneralReplace(test1);
                string result2 = DoGeneralReplace(test2);
                string result3 = DoGeneralReplace(test3);
                string result4 = DoGeneralReplace(test4);
            }

            sw.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("oleksii (StringBuilder) way completed in " + sw.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString() + " ms");

            // André Christoffer Andersen way
            sw.Reset();
            sw.Start();
            for (idx = 0; idx < 500000; idx++)
            {
                string result1 = Replace(test1, replacements);
                string result2 = Replace(test2, replacements);
                string result3 = Replace(test3, replacements);
                string result4 = Replace(test4, replacements);
            }

            sw.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("André Christoffer Andersen (Lambda w/ Aggregate) way completed in " + sw.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString() + " ms");

            // Richard way
            sw.Reset();
            sw.Start();
            Regex reg = new Regex(@"\^|@|\[|\]|`|\}|~|\{|\\");
            MatchEvaluator eval = match =>
            {
                switch (match.Value)
                {
                    case "^": return "Č";
                    case "@": return "Ž";
                    case "[": return "Š";
                    case "]": return "Ć";
                    case "`": return "ž";
                    case "}": return "ć";
                    case "~": return "č";
                    case "{": return "š";
                    case "\\": return "Đ";
                    default: throw new Exception("Unexpected match!");
                }
            };
            for (idx = 0; idx < 500000; idx++)
            {
                string result1 = reg.Replace(test1, eval);
                string result2 = reg.Replace(test2, eval);
                string result3 = reg.Replace(test3, eval);
                string result4 = reg.Replace(test4, eval);
            }

            sw.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("Richard (Regex w/ MatchEvaluator) way completed in " + sw.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString() + " ms");

            // Marc Gravell way
            sw.Reset();
            sw.Start();
            for (idx = 0; idx < 500000; idx++)
            {
                string result1 = Sanitize(test1);
                string result2 = Sanitize(test2);
                string result3 = Sanitize(test3);
                string result4 = Sanitize(test4);
            }

            sw.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("Marc Gravell (Static Regex) way completed in " + sw.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString() + " ms");

            // user1664043 way
            sw.Reset();
            sw.Start();
            for (idx = 0; idx < 500000; idx++)
            {
                string result1 = ReplaceCharsWithIndexOfAny(test1);
                string result2 = ReplaceCharsWithIndexOfAny(test2);
                string result3 = ReplaceCharsWithIndexOfAny(test3);
                string result4 = ReplaceCharsWithIndexOfAny(test4);
            }

            sw.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("user1664043 (StringBuilder w/ IndexOfAny) way completed in " + sw.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString() + " ms\n");
        }
    }
}

型

赞(0）分享  回复(0）举报  2023-08-08
a14dhokn

a14dhokn2#

最快的方法
唯一的办法就是自己去比较性能。试着像在Q中一样，使用StringBuilder和Regex.Replace。
但是微基准测试没有考虑整个系统的范围。如果这种方法只是整个系统的一小部分，那么它的性能可能对整个应用程序的性能没有影响。
一些注解：
1.如上所述使用String（我假设）将创建大量中间字符串：给GC更多的工作。但这很简单。
1.使用StringBuilder允许在每次替换时修改相同的底层数据。这会产生更少的垃圾。它几乎和使用String一样简单。
1.使用regex是最复杂的（因为您需要代码来完成替换），但允许使用单个表达式。我希望这会更慢，除非替换列表非常大，并且在输入字符串中很少有替换（即。大多数replace方法调用不替换任何东西，只是在字符串中进行一次搜索）。
我希望#2在重复使用（数千次）时会稍微快一点，因为GC负载更少。
对于正则表达式方法，您需要类似于：

newObj.Name = Regex.Replace(oldObj.Name.Trim(), @"[@^\[\]`}~{\\]", match => {
  switch (match.Value) {
    case "^": return "Č";
    case "@": return "Ž";
    case "[": return "Š";
    case "]": return "Ć";
    case "`": return "ž";
    case "}": return "ć";
    case "~": return "č";
    case "{": return "š";
    case "\\": return "Đ";
    default: throw new Exception("Unexpected match!");
  }
});

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这可以通过使用Dictionary<char,char>参数化以可重用的方式完成，以保存替换和可重用的MatchEvaluator。

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v9tzhpje

v9tzhpje3#

试试这个：

Dictionary<char, char> replacements = new Dictionary<char, char>();
// populate replacements

string str = "mystring";
char []charArray = str.ToCharArray();

for (int i = 0; i < charArray.Length; i++)
{
    char newChar;
    if (replacements.TryGetValue(str[i], out newChar))
    charArray[i] = newChar;
}

string newStr = new string(charArray);

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eoigrqb6

eoigrqb64#

一个可能的解决方案是使用StringBuilder类。
可以先将代码重构为单个方法

public string DoGeneralReplace(string input)
{
    var sb = new StringBuilder(input);
    sb.Replace("^", "Č")
      .Replace("@", "Ž") ...;
}

//usage
foreach (var oldObj in oldDB)
{
    NewObject newObj = new NewObject();
    newObj.Name = DoGeneralReplace(oldObj.Name);
    ...
}

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赞(0）分享  回复(0）举报  2023-08-08
3duebb1j

3duebb1j5#

你可以在char map上使用lambda表达式Aggregate：

//Method for replacing chars with a mapping
  static string Replace(string input, IDictionary<char, char> replacementMap) {
      return replacementMap.Keys
          .Aggregate(input, (current, oldChar) 
              => current.Replace(oldChar, replacementMap[oldChar]));
  }

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您可以按如下方式运行此命令：

private static void Main(string[] args) {
      //Char to char map using <oldChar, newChar>
      var charMap = new Dictionary<char, char>();
      charMap.Add('-', 'D'); charMap.Add('|', 'P'); charMap.Add('@', 'A');

      //Your input string
      string myString = "asgjk--@dfsg||jshd--f@jgsld-kj|rhgunfh-@-nsdflngs";

      //Your own replacement method
      myString = Replace(myString, charMap);

      //out: myString = "asgjkDDAdfsgPPjshdDDfAjgsldDkjPrhgunfhDADnsdflngs"
  }

型

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9lowa7mx

9lowa7mx6#

我会尝试做一些类似的事情：

static readonly Dictionary<char, string> replacements =
       new Dictionary<char, string>
    {
        {']',"Ć"}, {'~', "č"} // etc
    };
    static readonly Regex replaceRegex;
    static YourUtilityType() // static initializer
    {
        StringBuilder pattern = new StringBuilder().Append('[');
        foreach(var key in replacements.Keys)
            pattern.Append(Regex.Escape(key.ToString()));
        pattern.Append(']');
        replaceRegex = new Regex(pattern.ToString(), RegexOptions.Compiled);
    }
    public static string Sanitize(string input)
    {
        return replaceRegex.Replace(input, match =>
        {
            return replacements[match.Value[0]];
        });
    }

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这有一个单独的地方需要维护（在顶部），并构建一个预编译的Regex来处理替换。所有的开销都是一次完成的（因此是static）。

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b1zrtrql

b1zrtrql7#

使用IndexOfAny的混合StringBuilder方法：

protected String ReplaceChars(String sIn)
{
    int replChar = sIn.IndexOfAny(badChars);
    if (replChar < 0)
        return sIn;

    // Don't even bother making a copy unless you know you have something to swap
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(sIn, 0, replChar, sIn.Length + 10);
    while (replChar >= 0 && replChar < sIn.Length)
    {
        char? c = sIn[replChar];
        string s = null;
        // This approach lets you swap a char for a string or to remove some
        // If you had a straight char for char swap, you could just have your repl chars in an array with the same ordinals and do it all in 2 lines matching the ordinals.
        switch (c)
        {
            case "^": c = "Č";
            ...
            case '\ufeff': c = null; break;
        }
        if (s != null) sb.Append(s);
        else if (c != null) sb.Append(c);

        replChar++; // skip over what we just replaced
        if (replChar < sIn.Length)
        {
            int nextRepChar = sIn.IndexOfAny(badChars, replChar);
            sb.Append(sIn, replChar, (nextRepChar > 0 ? nextRepChar : sIn.Length) - replChar);
            replChar = nextRepChar;
        }
    }
    return sb.ToString();
}

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cgvd09ve

cgvd09ve8#

从.NET Core 2.1开始，使用string.Create和switch语句可能是最快的方法。

public static string ReplaceChars(s) {
    return string.Create(s.Length, s, (cc, s) =>
    {
        s.AsSpan().CopyTo(cc); // or just s.CopyTo(cc) in .NET 6+ 
        for (int i = 0; i < cc.Length; i++)
        {
            switch (cc[i])
            {
                case '^': cc[i] = 'Č'; break;
                case '@': cc[i] = 'Ž'; break;
                case '[': cc[i] = 'Š'; break;
                case ']': cc[i] = 'Ć'; break;
                case '`': cc[i] = 'ž'; break;
                case '}': cc[i] = 'ć'; break;
                case '~': cc[i] = 'č'; break;
                case '{': cc[i] = 'š'; break;
                case '\\': cc[i] = 'Đ'; break;
            }
        }
    });
}

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从我的基准测试来看，与使用临时char[]、RegEx和StringBuilder.Replace相比，速度最快，是4到10倍。上述方法的主要优点是
1.通过使用string.Create，不需要临时缓冲区。

  1. Span.CopyTo将被框架优化
    1.循环通过缓冲区只有一次，并直接访问Span。
    1.没有额外的GC分配。
赞(0）分享  回复(0）举报  2023-08-08
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