一个小脚本，我们可以执行它来测试Popen代码。它在退出之前生成一些STDOUT和STDERR，然后选择一个我们选择的代码，可选地带有一些延迟：

from sys import stdout, stderr, exit, argv
from time import sleep

stdout.write('OUT 1\nOUT 2\nOUT 3\n')
sleep(2)
stderr.write('err 1\nerr 2\n')
exit(int(argv[1]))

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演示如何使用Popen的脚本。这个脚本的参数将是我们要执行的外部命令。

import sys
from subprocess import Popen, PIPE

# A function that takes some subprocess command arguments (list, tuple,
# or string), runs that command, and returns a dict containing STDOUT,
# STDERR, PID, and exit code. Error handling is left to the caller.
def run_subprocess(cmd_args, shell = False):
    p = Popen(cmd_args, stdout = PIPE, stderr = PIPE, shell = shell)
    stdout, stderr = p.communicate()
    return dict(
        stdout = stdout.decode('utf-8').split('\n'),
        stderr = stderr.decode('utf-8').split('\n'),
        pid = p.pid,
        exit_code = p.returncode,
    )

# Run a command.    
cmd = sys.argv[1:]
d = run_subprocess(cmd)

# Inspect the returned dict.
for k, v in d.items():
    print('\n#', k)
    print(v)

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如果第一个脚本被称为other_program.py，而这个脚本被称为demo.py，你可以沿着以下代码运行整个脚本：

python demo.py python other_program.py 0  # Exit with success.
python demo.py python other_program.py 1  # Exit with failure.
python demo.py python other_program.py X  # Exit with a Python error.

型
git clone的用法示例，如在注解中与OP讨论的：

$ python demo.py git clone --progress --verbose https://github.com/hindman/jump

# stdout
['']

# stderr
["Cloning into 'jump'...", 'POST git-upload-pack (165 bytes)', 'remote: Enumerating objects: 70, done.        ', 'remote: Total 70 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 70        ', '']

# pid
7094

# exit_code
0

型