为了最大限度地控制单元格的外观，您应该创建一个自定义单元格。但是，如果你想使用标准的Subtitle单元格，你可以在设置它们时调整图像的大小。
在这个Stack Overflow答案中有一些优秀的图像缩放函数：如何在iOS上调整位图大小
将该答案的扩展添加到项目中。具体来说，为了满足您的需要，我们将使用scaledAspectFit()。
因此，假设您有一个Subtitle cell原型，其标识符为“cell”，您的cellForRowAt将看起来像这样：

override func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, cellForRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> UITableViewCell {

    let cell = tableView.dequeueReusableCell(withIdentifier: "cell", for: indexPath)
    
    // however you have your data stored
    let title = "IMG_0001.JPG"
    let subtitle = "Today at 10:15 AM, 2.5 MB"
    let imgName = "IMG_0001"
    
    cell.textLabel?.text = title
    cell.detailTextLabel?.text = subtitle
    
    if let img = UIImage(named: imgName) {
        // default cell image size is 56x56 (points)
        //  so we'll proportionally scale the image,
        //  using screen scale to get the best resolution
        let widthHeight = UIScreen.main.scale * 56
        let scaledImg = img.scaledAspectFit(to: CGSize(width: widthHeight, height: widthHeight))
        cell.imageView?.image = scaledImg
    }
    return cell

}

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编辑

只需要一点研究就可以实现SF符号的使用…
将此函数添加到表视图控制器-它将返回指定点大小的SF符号的UIImage，以指定大小为中心：

private func drawSystemImage(_ sysName: String, at pointSize: CGFloat, centeredIn size: CGSize) -> UIImage? {
    let cfg = UIImage.SymbolConfiguration(pointSize: pointSize)
    guard let img = UIImage(systemName: sysName, withConfiguration: cfg) else { return nil }
    let x = (size.width - img.size.width) * 0.5
    let y = (size.height - img.size.height) * 0.5
    let renderer = UIGraphicsImageRenderer(size: size)
    return renderer.image { context in
        img.draw(in: CGRect(origin: CGPoint(x: x, y: y), size: img.size))
    }
}

型
然后根据需要更改cellForRowAt函数：

override func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, cellForRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> UITableViewCell {
    
    let cell = tableView.dequeueReusableCell(withIdentifier: "cell", for: indexPath)
    
    // however you have your data stored
    let title = "IMG_0001.JPG"
    let subtitle = "Today at 10:15 AM, 2.5 MB"
    let imgName = "IMG_0001"
    
    cell.textLabel?.text = title
    cell.detailTextLabel?.text = subtitle

    // defalt image view size
    let wh = UIScreen.main.scale * 56
    let targetSize = CGSize(width: wh, height: wh)

    // for this example, if it's the first row, generate an image from SF Symbol
    if indexPath.row == 0 {
        if let img = drawSystemImage("doc.text", at: UIScreen.main.scale * 24, centeredIn: targetSize) {
            cell.imageView?.image = img
        }
    } else {
        if let img = UIImage(named: imgName) {
            // default cell image size is 56x56 (points)
            //  so we'll proportionally scale the image,
            //  using screen scale to get the best resolution
            let scaledImg = img.scaledAspectFit(to: targetSize)
            cell.imageView?.image = scaledImg
        }
    }
    return cell
    
}

型
我会让你根据需要调整点的大小（并配置SF符号图像的任何其他属性，如重量，比例，颜色等）。