试试这个：

from pyspark.sql import SparkSession
from pyspark.sql.types import StructType

spark = SparkSession.builder.appName("ReadCSV").getOrCreate()

schema_str = "A,B,C,D"
schema = StructType.fromDDL(schema_str)

def file_matches_schema(filepath, schema_str, delimiter):
    header = spark.read.options(delimiter=delimiter, header='True', maxRows=1).csv(filepath).columns
    return ','.join(header).startswith(schema_str)

file = "/path/to/your/file.csv"
delimiter = '|'

if file_matches_schema(file, schema_str, delimiter):
    df = spark.read.schema(schema).options(delimiter=delimiter, header='True').csv(file)
else:
    print("File columns do not match the desired schema order or have missing columns!")