再次使用.map()将el.id添加到el.stage的每个元素。
您可以在外部Map中使用.flatMap()将所有结果连接到一个数组中。

const a = [
    {id: 'abc', stage: [{name: 'car' , value: '123'},{name: 'bus' , value: '345'},{name: 'truck' , value: '567'}]},
    {id: 'def', stage: [{name: 'bike' , value: '890'},{name: 'cycle' , value: '123'},{name: 'car' , value: '456'}]}
]

result = a.flatMap(({
  id,
  stage
}) => stage.map(s => ({
  id: id,
  ...s
})));

console.log(result);

如果您尝试在id中合并：

let remapped = a.map(e => ({ id: a.id, ...e }));

其中，它将每个条目转换为一个对象，继承a.id值，并添加对象中的任何其他内容。

下面是一个例子和结果：）

a.forEach(function(row) {
    row.stage.map(function (child) {child.id = row.id})
})

结果：

[{"id":"abc","stage":[{"name":"car","value":"123","id":"abc"},{"name":"bus","value":"345","id":"abc"},{"name":"truck","value":"567","id":"abc"}]},{"id":"def","stage":[{"name":"bike","value":"890","id":"def"},{"name":"cycle","value":"123","id":"def"},{"name":"car","value":"456","id":"def"}]}]

您可以这样编写而不使用库

let a = [
    {
        id: 'abc', stage:
            [
                { name: 'car', value: '123' },
                { name: 'bus', value: '345' },
                { name: 'truck', value: '567' }
            ]
    },
    {
        id: 'def', stage:
            [
                { name: 'bike', value: '890' },
                { name: 'cycle', value: '123' },
                { name: 'car', value: '456' }
            ]
    }
]    
let output = [];
    for (const element of a) {
        for (const stageElement of element.stage) {
            let newElement = {
                name: stageElement.name,
                value: stageElement.value,
                id: element.id
            };
            output.push(newElement);
        }
    }

const a = [
    {id: 'abc', stage: [{name: 'car' , value: '123'},{name: 'bus' , value: '345'},{name: 'truck' , value: '567'}]},
    {id: 'def', stage: [{name: 'bike' , value: '890'},{name: 'cycle' , value: '123'},{name: 'car' , value: '456'}]}
]

a.forEach(item => {
    const itemId = item.id;
    const stages = item.stage;

    stages.forEach(stage => {
        stage['id'] = itemId;
    })
});

console.log(a);