一旦你离开了一个阶段，你就不能改变阶段状态AFAIK。更好的选择是将您的Pipeline重构为如下所示。基本上，并行运行您的阶段。

pipeline {
    agent any
    
    stages {
        stage('Parallel Example') {
            parallel {
                stage('1') {
                    steps {
                        build_job_result = build job: "jobName", wait: true
                        if (build_job_result == failed) {
                            error "Build Failed"
                         }
                    }
                }
                
                stage('2') {
                    steps {
                        echo 'Do something else while the job runs'
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        
    }
}