有几种方法可以模拟您想要的内容：

1）将二进制文件转换为示例

示例和测试都是用dev-dependencies构建的，因此您可以将这些依赖项移到本节中。图书馆不会依赖他们。

# File structure
conformal/
    Cargo.toml
    src/
        lib.rs
    examples/        # <-- the `ucitest` is
        ucitest.rs   # <-- moved to here

# Cargo.toml

[dependencies]
kdtree = { path = "../kdtree" }
rand = "0.3"

[dev-dependencies]  # <-- move the examples-only dependencies here
serde = "1"
csv = "0.15"
crossbeam = "0.3"
num_cpus = "1"

[lib]
name = "conformal"

[[example]]         # <--- declare the executable
name = "ucitest"    # <--- as an example

要运行二进制文件，请使用用途：

cargo run --example ucitest

2）可选依赖，包含所需特性

可以将扩展设置为可选的，这样其他依赖于conformal库的crate就不需要下载它们。
从Rust 1.17开始，二进制文件可以声明它们需要打开某些可选功能，有效地使这些库“仅用于二进制文件”。

# Cargo.toml

[dependencies]
kdtree = { path = "../kdtree" }
rand = "0.3"

serde = { version = "1", optional = true }          # <-- make 
csv = { version = "0.15", optional = true }         # <-- all of
crossbeam = { version = "0.3", optional = true }    # <-- them
num_cpus = { version = "1", optional = true }       # <-- optional

[lib]
name = "conformal"

[features]
build-binary = ["serde", "csv", "crossbeam", "num_cpus"]

[[bin]]         
name = "ucitest"    
required-features = ["build-binary"]     # <--

请注意，在构建二进制文件时，您需要手动传递--features build-binary：

cargo run --features build-binary --bin ucitest

3）将二进制文件作为自己的包

当库和二进制文件是独立的包时，您可以做任何您喜欢的依赖项管理。

# File structure
conformal/
    Cargo.toml
    src/
        lib.rs
    ucitest/          # <-- move ucitest
        Cargo.toml    # <-- into its own
        src/          # <-- package.
            main.rs

# ucitest/Cargo.toml 

[dependencies]
conformal = { version = "0.1", path = "../" }   # <-- explicitly depend on the library
serde = "1"
csv = "0.15"
crossbeam = "0.3"
num_cpus = "1"

目前，这可能是最好的解决方法，使用[1，2 ]。
目录结构如下：

project-root
├── Cargo.lock
├── Cargo.toml
├── yourlibary
│   ├── Cargo.toml
│   └── src
│       └── lib.rs
├── src
│   └── main.rs
└── target

顶级Cargo.toml文件：

[package]
name = "yourprogram"
version = "0.1.0"
authors = ["You <[email protected]>"]

[workspace]

[dependencies]
yourlibrary = { path = "yourlibrary" }

yourlibraryCargo.toml文件：

[package]
name = "yourlibrary"
version = "0.1.0"
authors = ["You <[email protected]>"]

[dependencies]

Cargo.lock文件以及target目录位于项目根目录下，并由工作区中的所有组件共享。工作区组件是从具有locak路径的依赖项自动推断的，但也可以手动指定。
每个组件及其Cargo.toml文件仍然可以在crates.io上单独发布

这是not implemented yet in Cargo。