下面是Python/OpenCV中的两个结果。第一个获取围绕您的图形旋转的矩形。第二个得到关于你的图形的凸船体，然后将顶点数减少到8。
输入：

import cv2
import numpy as np

# read the input as grayscale
img = cv2.imread('broken_polygon.jpg', cv2.IMREAD_GRAYSCALE)
hh, ww = img.shape

# threshold to binary
img = cv2.threshold(img, 0, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY+cv2.THRESH_OTSU)[1]

# get non-zero points point
points = np.column_stack(np.where(img.transpose() > 0))

# compute rotated rectangle from thresholded non-zero coords
rect = cv2.minAreaRect(points)
print(rect)

# draw rotated rectangle on input
img_rect = img.copy()
img_rect = cv2.merge([img_rect,img_rect,img_rect])
box = np.intp(cv2.boxPoints(rect))
print('box:', box)
cv2.polylines(img_rect, [box], True, (0,0,255), 2)

# get convex hull
hull = cv2.convexHull(points)

# reduce vertices of convex hull
peri = len(hull)
poly = cv2.approxPolyDP(hull, 0.28 * peri, False)
print('num reduced vertices:', len(poly))

# draw polygon on copy of input
img_hbox = img.copy()
img_hbox = cv2.merge([img_hbox,img_hbox,img_hbox])
cv2.polylines(img_hbox, [poly], False, (0,0,255), 2)

# save results
cv2.imwrite('broken_polygon_rot_rect.jpg', img_rect)
cv2.imwrite('broken_polygon_hull_poly.jpg', img_hbox)

# show results
cv2.imshow('RotRect', img_rect)
cv2.imshow('HullPoly', img_hbox)
cv2.waitKey(0)

旋转矩形：

简化的凸形船体顶点：