我正在Ubuntu 18.04系统上复制Python 3.8的Python 3.7 Conda环境。我从一个简单的jane Conda env开始，python=3.8作为唯一的要求。然后我开始从我的3.7环境安装软件包。
大多数过程都很顺利，但matplotlib失败了。Conda搜索显示matplotlib的3.8版本，但conda install命令无法解决一组不冲突的软件包。Numpy，ipython等都安装得很好。在多次旋转后，它抱怨说：

UnsatisfiableError: The following specifications were found to be incompatible with each other:

Package python conflicts for:
python=3.8
Package pip conflicts for:
python=3.8 -> pip
matplotlib -> python[version='>=3.7,<3.8.0a0'] -> pip
Package certifi conflicts for:
python=3.8 -> pip -> setuptools -> certifi[version='>=2016.09|>=2016.9.26']
Package wheel conflicts for:
python=3.8 -> pip -> wheel
matplotlib -> python[version='>=3.7,<3.8.0a0'] -> pip -> wheel
Package python-dateutil conflicts for:
matplotlib -> python-dateutil
Package ca-certificates conflicts for:
matplotlib -> setuptools -> ca-certificates
python=3.8 -> openssl[version='>=1.1.1d,<1.1.2a'] -> ca-certificates
Package setuptools conflicts for:
python=3.8 -> pip -> setuptools
matplotlib -> setuptools

我不太清楚这是什么意思。也许是matplotlib本身的版本依赖不正确，或者Python >= 3.8.0a0没有官方的matplotlib Conda包？Conda搜索表明应该有一些东西：

% conda search matplotlib
...
matplotlib                     3.1.1  py38h5429711_0  pkgs/main

下面是conda info的输出：

active environment : python38
    active env location : /home/skip/miniconda3/envs/python38
            shell level : 2
       user config file : /home/skip/.condarc
 populated config files : /home/skip/.condarc
          conda version : 4.8.1
    conda-build version : not installed
         python version : 3.7.3.final.0
       virtual packages : __glibc=2.27
       base environment : /home/skip/miniconda3  (writable)
           channel URLs : https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/linux-64
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/noarch
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/linux-64
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/noarch
          package cache : /home/skip/miniconda3/pkgs
                          /home/skip/.conda/pkgs
       envs directories : /home/skip/miniconda3/envs
                          /home/skip/.conda/envs
               platform : linux-64
             user-agent : conda/4.8.1 requests/2.22.0 CPython/3.7.3 Linux/4.15.0-74-generic ubuntu/18.04.3 glibc/2.27
                UID:GID : 1000:1000
             netrc file : /home/skip/.netrc
           offline mode : False

不知道为什么它报告3.7.3作为Python版本。也许这是在根环境中？我显然安装了3.8.1：

(python38) polly% python
Python 3.8.1 (default, Jan  8 2020, 22:29:32) 
[GCC 7.3.0] :: Anaconda, Inc. on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>