您可能希望编写一个自定义解析器，以便在阅读文件时使用，而不是阅读所有数据，然后将其丢弃。

大小为n的指数计数

def count_exponents(path, n):
    n_str = 'e+0' + str(n)
    out = 0
    with open(path) as fp:
        for line in fp:
            out += line.count(n_str)
    return out

字符串

返回指数

import re
pattern = re.compile('e([+\-]\d+)')

def get_exponents(path):
    with open(path) as fp:
        out = [pattern.findall(line) for line in fp]
    return out

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