如果我根据你的需求创建了我的示例演示，我就能得到你想要的行为。

public partial class Form1 : Form
{
    public class SampleData
    {
        public string StringData { get; set; }
        public bool Checkbox1Data { get; set; }
        public bool Checkbox2Data { get; set; }
    }
    public Form1()
    {
        InitializeComponent();
    }

    private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        DataGridView dataGridView = new DataGridView();
        dataGridView.Dock = DockStyle.Fill;
        dataGridView.AutoGenerateColumns = false;

        // Create a string column
        DataGridViewTextBoxColumn stringColumn = new DataGridViewTextBoxColumn
        {
            HeaderText = "String Column",
            DataPropertyName = "StringData",
        };
        dataGridView.Columns.Add(stringColumn);

        // Create a checkbox column 1
        DataGridViewCheckBoxColumn checkBoxColumn1 = new DataGridViewCheckBoxColumn
        {
            HeaderText = "Checkbox 1",
            DataPropertyName = "Checkbox1Data",
        };
        dataGridView.Columns.Add(checkBoxColumn1);

        // Create a checkbox column 2
        DataGridViewCheckBoxColumn checkBoxColumn2 = new DataGridViewCheckBoxColumn
        {
            HeaderText = "Checkbox 2",
            DataPropertyName = "Checkbox2Data",
        };
        dataGridView.Columns.Add(checkBoxColumn2);

        // Create a data source with sample data
        var dataSource = new BindingList<SampleData>
        {
            new SampleData { StringData = "Row 1", Checkbox1Data = false, Checkbox2Data = true },
            new SampleData { StringData = "Row 2", Checkbox1Data = true, Checkbox2Data = false },
            new SampleData { StringData = "Row 3", Checkbox1Data = false, Checkbox2Data = false }
        };

        dataGridView.DataSource = dataSource;

        // Add the DataGridView to the form
        Controls.Add(dataGridView);

        List<string> strings = new List<string>();
        strings.Add("Row 1");
        strings.Add("Row 2");

        foreach (DataGridViewRow row in dataGridView.Rows) 
        {
            if (strings.Contains(row.Cells[0].Value)) 
            {
                MessageBox.Show(row.ReadOnly.ToString());
                row.ReadOnly = true;
                MessageBox.Show(row.ReadOnly.ToString());
            }
        }
        dataGridView.Refresh();
}
}

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