Hikaricp源码解读(3)——ConcurrentBag介绍

x33g5p2x  于2021-12-19 转载在 其他  
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3、ConcurrentBag介绍

本文以v2.7.2源码为主进行分析

HikariCP连接池是基于自主实现的ConcurrentBag完成的数据连接的多线程共享交互,是HikariCP连接管理快速的其中一个关键点。

ConcurrentBag是一个专门的并发包裹,在连接池(多线程数据交互)的实现上具有比LinkedBlockingQueue和LinkedTransferQueue更优越的性能。
ConcurrentBag通过拆分 CopyOnWriteArrayList、ThreadLocal和SynchronousQueue进行并发数据交互。

  • CopyOnWriteArrayList:负责存放ConcurrentBag中全部用于出借的资源
  • ThreadLocal:用于加速线程本地化资源访问
  • SynchronousQueue:用于存在资源等待线程时的第一手资源交接
private final CopyOnWriteArrayList<T> sharedList;
private final ThreadLocal<List<Object>> threadList;
private final SynchronousQueue<T> handoffQueue;

ConcurrentBag中全部的资源均只能通过add方法进行添加,只能通过remove方法进行移出。

public void add(final T bagEntry)
{
   if (closed) {
      LOGGER.info("ConcurrentBag has been closed, ignoring add()");
      throw new IllegalStateException("ConcurrentBag has been closed, ignoring add()");
   }

   sharedList.add(bagEntry); //新添加的资源优先放入CopyOnWriteArrayList

   // 当有等待资源的线程时,将资源交到某个等待线程后才返回(SynchronousQueue)
   while (waiters.get() > 0 && !handoffQueue.offer(bagEntry)) {
      yield();
   }
}

public boolean remove(final T bagEntry)
{
   // 如果资源正在使用且无法进行状态切换,则返回失败
   if (!bagEntry.compareAndSet(STATE_IN_USE, STATE_REMOVED) && !bagEntry.compareAndSet(STATE_RESERVED, STATE_REMOVED) && !closed) {
      LOGGER.warn("Attempt to remove an object from the bag that was not borrowed or reserved: {}", bagEntry);
      return false;
   }

   final boolean removed = sharedList.remove(bagEntry); // 从CopyOnWriteArrayList中移出
   if (!removed && !closed) {
      LOGGER.warn("Attempt to remove an object from the bag that does not exist: {}", bagEntry);
   }

   return removed;
}

ConcurrentBag中通过borrow方法进行数据资源借用,通过requite方法进行资源回收,注意其中borrow方法只提供对象引用,不移除对象,因此使用时通过borrow取出的对象必须通过requite方法进行放回,否则容易导致内存泄露!

public T borrow(long timeout, final TimeUnit timeUnit) throws InterruptedException
{
   // 优先查看有没有可用的本地化的资源
   final List<Object> list = threadList.get();
   for (int i = list.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
      final Object entry = list.remove(i);
      @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
      final T bagEntry = weakThreadLocals ? ((WeakReference<T>) entry).get() : (T) entry;
      if (bagEntry != null && bagEntry.compareAndSet(STATE_NOT_IN_USE, STATE_IN_USE)) {
         return bagEntry;
      }
   }

   final int waiting = waiters.incrementAndGet();
   try {
      // 当无可用本地化资源时,遍历全部资源,查看是否存在可用资源
      // 因此被一个线程本地化的资源也可能被另一个线程“抢走”
      for (T bagEntry : sharedList) {
         if (bagEntry.compareAndSet(STATE_NOT_IN_USE, STATE_IN_USE)) {
            if (waiting > 1) {
                // 因为可能“抢走”了其他线程的资源,因此提醒包裹进行资源添加
               listener.addBagItem(waiting - 1);
            }
            return bagEntry;
         }
      }

      listener.addBagItem(waiting);

      timeout = timeUnit.toNanos(timeout);
      do {
         final long start = currentTime();
         // 当现有全部资源全部在使用中,等待一个被释放的资源或者一个新资源
         final T bagEntry = handoffQueue.poll(timeout, NANOSECONDS);
         if (bagEntry == null || bagEntry.compareAndSet(STATE_NOT_IN_USE, STATE_IN_USE)) {
            return bagEntry;
         }

         timeout -= elapsedNanos(start);
      } while (timeout > 10_000);

      return null;
   }
   finally {
      waiters.decrementAndGet();
   }
}

public void requite(final T bagEntry)
{
   // 将状态转为未在使用
   bagEntry.setState(STATE_NOT_IN_USE);

   // 判断是否存在等待线程,若存在,则直接转手资源
   for (int i = 0; waiters.get() > 0; i++) {
      if (bagEntry.getState() != STATE_NOT_IN_USE || handoffQueue.offer(bagEntry)) {
         return;
      }
      else if ((i & 0xff) == 0xff) {
         parkNanos(MICROSECONDS.toNanos(10));
      }
      else {
         yield();
      }
   }

   // 否则,进行资源本地化
   final List<Object> threadLocalList = threadList.get();
   threadLocalList.add(weakThreadLocals ? new WeakReference<>(bagEntry) : bagEntry);
}

上述代码中的 weakThreadLocals 是用来判断是否使用弱引用,通过下述方法初始化:

private boolean useWeakThreadLocals()
{
   try {
      // 人工指定是否使用弱引用,但是官方不推荐进行自主设置。
      if (System.getProperty("com.dareway.concurrent.useWeakReferences") != null) { 
         return Boolean.getBoolean("com.dareway.concurrent.useWeakReferences");
      }

      // 默认通过判断初始化的ClassLoader是否是系统的ClassLoader来确定
      return getClass().getClassLoader() != ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader();
   }
   catch (SecurityException se) {
      return true;
   }
}

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