查询语句： 

GET /lib4/user/_search
{
  "query": {
    "term": {"interests":"唱歌"}
  }
}

#terms:查询某个字段里含有多个关键词的文档
GET /lib4/user/_search 
{
  "query":{
    "terms":{
      "interests": ["喝酒","唱歌"]
    }
  }
}

** 数据准备：**

#2.7.1数据准备
PUT /lib4
{ 
  "settings":{
    "number_of_shards" : 3, 
    "number_of_replicas" :0
  },
  "mappings":{
    "user":{
      "properties":{
          "name": {"type":"text","analyzer":"ik_max_word"}, 
          "address": {"type":"text","analyzer": "ik_max_word"},
          "age": {"type" :"integer"},
          "interests": {"type":"text","analyzer": "ik_max_word"},
          "birthday": {"type":"date"}
        }
      }
    }
}

#ik芾有两个分词器
#ik_max_word :会将文本做最细粒度的拆分;尽可能多的拆分出词语
#ik_smart:会做最粗粒度的斥分;已被分出的词语将不会再次被其它词语占有
#2.7.2 term查询和terms查询
#term query会去倒排索引中寻找确切的term，它并不知道分词器的存在。
#这种查询适合keyword、numeric、date.
#term:查询某个字段里含有某个关键词的文档

添加5个文档： 

PUT /lib4/user/1
{
  "name" : "赵六",
  "address" : "黑龙江省 铁岭",
  "age" : 50,
  "birthday" : "1970-12-12",
  "interests": "喜欢喝酒,锻炼,说相声"
}

PUT /lib4/user/2
{
  "name" :"赵明",
  "address" :"北京海淀区清河",
  "age" : 20,
  "birthday" : "1998-10-12" ,
  "interests": "喜欢喝酒,锻炼,唱歌"
}

PUT /lib4/user/3
{
  "name" : "lisi",
  "address" :"北京海淀区清河",
  "age" : 23,
  "birthday" : "1998-10-12",
  "interests": "喜欢喝酒,锻炼,唱歌"
}

PUT /lib4/user/4
{
  "name" :"王五",
  "address" : " 北京海淀区清河",
  "age" : 26,
  "birthday" : "1995-10-12",
  "interests": "喜欢编程,听音乐,旅游"
}

PUT /lib4/user/5
{
  "name" : "张三",
  "address" :"北京海淀区清河",
  "age" : 29,
  "birthday" : "1988-10-12",
  "interests": "喜欢摄影,听音乐,跳舞"
}

**term和terms查询 **

term是代表完全匹配，即不进行分词器分析，文档中必须包含整个搜索的词汇

#term和terms查询
#查询字段中含有赵的
GET /lib4/user/_search
{
  "query": {
    "term": {"name":"赵"}
  }
}

#指定多个关键字，只要包含其中一个就会被查询出来
GET /lib4/user/_search
{
  "query":{
    "terms":{
      "interests": ["喝酒","唱歌"]
    }
  }
}

#控制返回的数据条数  取前2条
GET /lib4/user/_search
{
  "from":0,
  "size": 2, 
  "query":{
    "terms":{
      "interests": ["喝酒","唱歌"]
    }
  }
}

#版本号的返回
GET /lib4/user/_search
{
  "version":true,
  "query":{
    "terms":{
      "interests": [" 喝酒", "唱歌"]
    }
  }
}

match查询  match是知道分词器存在的这个之前就讲过

赵六会被分词为两个词  含有赵和六的都会被查询出来

#match查询
GET /lib4/user/_search
{
  "query":{
    "match":{"name": "赵六"}
  }
}

然后对于数字型的是不会被分词的比如查询年龄20的  这个不会被分成2和0  所以查询结果会去从文档匹配年龄为20的信息

GET /lib4/user/_search
{
  "query":{
    "match":{"age": 20}
  }
}

GET /lib4/user/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match_all": {}
  }
}

#multi_match指定多个字段关键字匹配  ；match_phrase短语精确匹配 ；_source指定查询结果返回的字段信息

#指定多个字段匹配
GET /lib4/user/_search
{
  "query":{
    "multi_match": {
      "query": "唱歌",
      "fields": ["interests", "name"]
    }
  }
}

#短语匹配
GET lib4/user/_search
{
  "query":{
    "match_phrase" :{"interests": "锻炼，说相声"}
  }
}

#返回指定的字段
GET /lib4/user/_search
{
  "_source": ["address" , "name"],
  "query": {
    "match": {"interests": "唱歌"}
  }
}